Maize rbcS promoter activity depends on sequence elements not found in dicot rbcS promoters.

Schäffner, Anton R.; Sheen, Jen

doi:10.1105/tpc.3.9.997

Cited by 116 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(77 reference statements)

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“…The promoters from rbcS genes of monocots, but not of dicots, are active in maize mesophyll protoplasts. In these protoplasts, promoter elements from dicotyledonous rbcS genes failed to replace functionally those from a monocotyledonous rbcS promoter (Schaffner and Scheen, 1991). It has also been found that important regulatory sequences in rbcS promoter regions are not conserved between monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous species.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Part of the reason for this is the lack of a well-defined in vivo assay system. Transgenic monocots have not been available until recently, and to date monocotyledonous rbcS gene expression has been studied in transient assays of transformed mesophyll protoplasts (Schaffner and Scheen, 1991) or with particle-bombarded leaf tissues (Rolfe and Tobin, 1991;Bansal et al, 1992). However, developmental regulation of gene expression is not easily analyzed in such transient assay systems.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Light-Regulated and Cell-Specific Expression of Tomato rbcS-gusA and Rice rbcS-gusA Fusion Genes in Transgenic Rice

Kyozuka¹,

McElroy²,

Hayakawa³

et al. 1993

Plant Physiol.

129

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A previously isolated rice (Oryza sativa) rbcS gene was further characterized. This analysis revealed specific sequences in the 5' regulatory region of the rice rbcS gene that are conserved in rbcS genes of other monocotyledonous species. In transgenic rice plants, we examined the expression of the 8-glucuronidase (gusA) reporter gene directed by the 2.8-kbpromoter region of the rice rbcS gene. To examine differences in the regulation of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous rbcS promoters, the activity of a tomato rbcS promoter was also investigated in transgenic rice plants. Our results indicated that both rice and tomato rbcS promoters confer mesophyll-specific expression of the gusA reporter gene in transgenic rice plants and that this expression is induced by light. However, the expression level of the rice rbcS-gusA gene was higher than that of the tomato rbcS-gusA gene, suggesting the presence of quantitative differences in the activity of these particular monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous rbcS promoters in transgenic rice. Histochemical analysis of rbcS-gusA gene expression showed that the observed light induction was only found in mesophyll cells. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the light regulation of rice rbcS-gusA gene expression was primarily at the level of mRNA accumulation. We show that the rice rbcS gene promoter should be useful for expression of agronomically important genes for genetic engineering of monocotyledonous species.Expression of the Rubisco small subunit genes (rbcS), which are regulated both developmentally and by light (for review,

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mentioning

confidence: 98%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Light-Regulated and Cell-Specific Expression of Tomato rbcS-gusA and Rice rbcS-gusA Fusion Genes in Transgenic Rice

Kyozuka¹,

McElroy²,

Hayakawa³

et al. 1993

Plant Physiol.

129

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“…The 5'-ACATGG-3' sequence flanking the translational start of NR2 gene was mutagenized to 5'-CCATGG-3' by the method of Kunkel(l985) to constitute a NcoI site. The NcoI site at the translation start sites of the N R l and NR2 genes, with about 2 kb of 5' flanking regions (designated NPl and NPZ), were fused to BlueCATKS (Schaffner and Sheen, 1991). A 5' to 3' nested deletion series was then generated by exonuclease 111 treatment (Henikoff, 1984).…”

Section: Nr Promoter-cat Cene Chimeric Constructsmentioning

confidence: 99%

5[prime] Proximal Regions of Arabidopsis Nitrate Reductase Genes Direct Nitrate-Induced Transcription in Transgenic Tobacco

et al. 1994

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Nitrate redudase (NR) is the first enzyme in nitrate assimilation, a critica1 process for plant survival. l h e regulation of NR gene expression is complex, involving both interna1 and externa1 factors. O f these, nitrate indudion of NR gene expression has been studied most extensively and is well conserved among baderia, fungi, and higher plants. We are interested in understanding the mechanism of nitrate indudion of higher plant NR genes. Here we describe promoter analyses of the 5' flanking regions of the Arabidopsis NR genes, NR1 and NRZ, with resped to nitrate indudion of gene expression. To facilitate these analyses, a nitrate indudion procedure using 1, transgenic tobacco plants was established. Approximately 1.5-kb 5' flanking regions of the two Arabidopsis NR genes (NR1 and NRZ) were fused to a reporter gene and its expression in transgenic plants was analyzed. Deletion analyses of these regions show that 238-and 188-bp 5' flanking regions of the NR1 and NRZ, respedively, contain sequences responsive to nitrate indudion.

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“…Transient assays in maize M cells have determined regulatory regions of several C4 photosynthetic genes. For example, promoter fusion constructs transiently introduced into maize leaves have defined several important 5Ј regions necessary for light-regulated, cell-specific gene expression of the RbcS2 gene (Schaffner and Sheen, 1991;Bansal et al, 1992;Viret et al, 1994;Purcell et al, 1995). Studies of the Ppc promoter have also revealed regulatory elements required for proper expression (Schaffner and Sheen, 1992;Kausch et al, 2001).…”

Section: Influence Of Light Quality On Photosynthetic Differentiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photomorphogenic Responses in Maize Seedling Development

2003

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As an emerging maize (Zea mays) seedling senses light, there is a decrease in the rate of mesocotyl elongation, an induction of root growth, and an expansion of leaves. In leaf tissues, mesophyll and bundle sheath cell fate is determined, and the proplastids of each differentiate into the dimorphic chloroplasts typical of each cell type. Although it has been inferred from recent studies in several model plant species that multiple photoreceptor systems mediate this process, surprisingly little is known of light signal transduction in maize. Here, we examine two photomorphogenic responses in maize: inhibition of mesocotyl elongation and C4 photosynthetic differentiation. Through an extensive survey of white, red, far-red, and blue light responses among a diverse collection of germplasm, including a phytochrome-deficient mutant elm1, we show that light response is a highly variable trait in maize. Although all inbreds examined appear to have a functional phytochrome signal transduction pathway, several lines showed reduced sensitivity to blue light. A significant correlation was observed between light response and subpopulation, suggesting that light responsiveness may be a target of artificial selection. An examination of C4 gene expression patterns under various light regimes in the standard W22 inbred and elm1 indicate that cell-specific patterns of C4 gene expression are maintained in fully differentiated tissues independent of light quality. To our knowledge, these findings represent the first comprehensive survey of light response in maize and are discussed in relation to maize breeding strategies.The transition from skotomorphogenic to photoautotrophic growth is a complex and highly regulated process that has been the subject of intense study (Nemhauser and Chory, 2002). However, in maize (Zea mays), little is known of the underlying mechanisms governing this transition (Vanderhoef and Briggs, 1978). Under current cultivation practices, maize seeds are sown within a few inches of the soil surface. Soon after germination, the shoot apex, sheathed by the coleoptile, is pushed through the soil by the elongating mesocotyl. Reduced root formation and unexpanded leaves facilitate this rapid upward movement of the shoot apex while expending the least amount of energy from seed reserves. At the soil surface, incident light represses mesocotyl elongation, induces leaf expansion, and promotes root formation. As cells are recruited into emerging leaf primordia, proplastids differentiate into the dimorphic bundle sheath (BS) and mesophyll (M) cell chloroplasts, and the photoautotrophic phase of sporophytic development begins.Light is the most important environmental cue to signal the transition from skotomorphogenesis to photomorphogenesis. In higher plants, phytochromes, cryptochromes, phototropins, and UV-B photoreceptors enable the developing seedling to monitor the quality and flux of incident light (Kevei and Nagy, 2003). The photoreversible phytochromes mediate responses to red (R) and far-red (FR) regions of th...

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Maize rbcS promoter activity depends on sequence elements not found in dicot rbcS promoters.

Cited by 116 publications

References 57 publications

Light-Regulated and Cell-Specific Expression of Tomato rbcS-gusA and Rice rbcS-gusA Fusion Genes in Transgenic Rice

Light-Regulated and Cell-Specific Expression of Tomato rbcS-gusA and Rice rbcS-gusA Fusion Genes in Transgenic Rice

5[prime] Proximal Regions of Arabidopsis Nitrate Reductase Genes Direct Nitrate-Induced Transcription in Transgenic Tobacco

Photomorphogenic Responses in Maize Seedling Development

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