Maintenance regimen of <scp>GM‐CSF</scp> with rituximab and lenalidomide improves survival in high‐risk B‐cell lymphoma by modulating natural killer cells

Sun, Shunrong; Wulipan, Fulati; Lin, Senjie; Wu, Min; Huang, Zilan; Qian, Wensi; Chen, Pingping; Hu, Yingwei; Chen, Mingyue; Xu, Yu; Zhang, Hong-Di; Ma, Jiexian; Xie, Yanhui

doi:10.1002/cam4.5969

Cited by 3 publications

References 39 publications

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Maintenance regimen of GM‐CSF with rituximab and lenalidomide improves survival in high‐risk B‐cell lymphoma by modulating natural killer cells

et al. 2023

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Background:The treatment of high-risk B-cell lymphoma (BCL) remains a challenge, especially in the elderly.Methods: A total of 83 patients (median age 65 years), who have achieved a complete response after induction therapy, were divided into two groups: R 2 + GM-CSF regimen (lenalidomide, rituximab, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor [GM-CSF]) as maintenance therapy (n = 39) and observation (n = 44). The efficacy of the R 2 + GM-CSF regimen as maintenance in patient with high-risk BCL was analyzed and compared with observation. Results:The number of natural killer cells in patients increased after R 2 + GM-CSF regimen administration (0.131 × 10 9 /L vs. 0.061 × 10 9 /L, p = 0.0244). Patients receiving the R 2 + GM-CSF regimen as maintenance therapy had longer remission (duration of response: 18.9 vs. 11.3 months, p = 0.001), and longer progressionfree survival (not reached (NR) vs. 31.7 months, p = 0.037), and overall survival (OS) (NR vs. NR, p = 0.015). The R 2 + GM-CSF regimen was safe and well tolerated. High international prognostic index score (p = 0.012), and high tumor burden (p = 0.005) appeared to be independent prognostic factors for worse PFS. Conclusions:The maintenance therapy of R 2 + GM-CSF regimen may improve survival in high-risk BCL patients, which might be modulated by amplification of natural killer cells. The efficacy of the R 2 + GM-CSF maintenance regimen has to be further validated in prospective random clinical trials.

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Maintenance regimen of GM‐CSF with rituximab and lenalidomide improves survival in high‐risk B‐cell lymphoma by modulating natural killer cells

et al. 2023

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Natural Killer Cell Cellular–Based Therapeutic Options for Management of Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Prospect and Challenges

Izuegbuna

2023

Preprint

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Over the past decade, significant progress has been made in the management of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). However, refractory disease and relapse remain major issues. These necessitate the need for novel therapeutic options to help achieve deeper remission and treat refractory and relapsed diseases for improved survival. Natural killer (NK) cell cellular therapies have been muted as an option. NK cells are a specialized population of innate lymphoid cells that possess constitutive capabilities against viral infections and cancer cells. Unlike T cells, NK cells do not need prior antigen sensitization to kill their target cells, thus their potential as immunotherapeutic agents. However, NK cells are noted to be dysfunctional in patients with haematological malignancies. Revitalizing them is another immunotherapeutic strategy. In this review, we summarize the biology of NK cells and the various forms of NK cell cellular therapies for the potential management of AML, both in preclinical studies and clinical trials.

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Consolidation therapy with autologous stem cell transplantation after remission of induction chemotherapy prolongs the survival of patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma

Fulati,

Ma,

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

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BackgroundThere was little evidence of autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) as consolidation therapy after remission of induction for patients with Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL). In this study, we conducted a comparative analysis of real-world survival outcomes between consolidation therapy and observation in patients with PTCL.MethodsA total of 92 patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) who were admitted to the Department of Hematology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated with Fudan University from January 2013 to April 2019 were divided into two groups based on whether they were treated with high-dose therapy (HDT) followed by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT): ASCT as consolidation therapy (n=30) and observation (n=62). Clinical characteristics, treatment patterns, and survival outcomes were analyzed between the two groups. Univariate and Cox multivariate regression analyses were also performed to detect prognostic factors of survival.ResultsWith a median follow-up time of 41 months, the median overall survival (OS) of peripheral T-cell lymphoma patients treated with ASCT was not reached; the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 77.0 months, which was much higher than that of patients without ASCT (p<0.003 for OS, p=0.015 for PFS). Subgroup analysis found that patients with high risks benefited more from ASCT. Combination with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) (p<0.001), clinical stage more than III (p=0.014), IPI score above 3 (p=0.049), and bone marrow involvement (p=0.010) were the independent prognostic factors significantly associated with worse OS and PFS. Additionally, pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD)–containing chemotherapy regimen could bring a higher overall response rate (ORR) and prolong the survival of patients with PTCL who underwent ASCT.ConclusionASCT may improve the long-term survival of patients with PTCL as consolidation therapy after achieving complete or partial remission of induction treatment, particularly for those with high risks. The chemotherapy regimen containing pegylated liposomal doxorubicin may induce deeper remission than traditional doxorubicin in PTCL. It is crucial to identify the specific groups most likely to benefit from upfront ASCT.

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Maintenance regimen of GM‐CSF with rituximab and lenalidomide improves survival in high‐risk B‐cell lymphoma by modulating natural killer cells

Cited by 3 publications

References 39 publications

Maintenance regimen of GM‐CSF with rituximab and lenalidomide improves survival in high‐risk B‐cell lymphoma by modulating natural killer cells

Maintenance regimen of GM‐CSF with rituximab and lenalidomide improves survival in high‐risk B‐cell lymphoma by modulating natural killer cells

Natural Killer Cell Cellular–Based Therapeutic Options for Management of Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Prospect and Challenges

Consolidation therapy with autologous stem cell transplantation after remission of induction chemotherapy prolongs the survival of patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma

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