Maintaining gait stability during dual walking task: effects of age and neurological disorders

Abstract

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Accelerometric Assessment of Postural Balance in Children: A Systematic Review

“…Furthermore, the quality of the selected articles was established under the following scale: low (<33.3%), medium (33.4-66.7%), and high (>66.8%) [29,30]. Of the 18 articles analyzed, 7 showed medium quality [31][32][33][34][35][36][37] and 10 showed high quality [38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47] (Table S1-Supplementary Materials).…”

“…Two groups of studies were differentiated based on the following aspect: those which exclusively used heathy individuals in their samples [31,39,41,46,47] and those which included children with pathologies. Among the latter, the state of postural control in children with cerebral palsy (CP) was the study object in eight studies: exclusively in four of them [32,36,43,44], using data of children with TD as the control group in three [37,40,42], and, lastly, analyzing children with TD, healthy young and older adults, and older people with subacute stroke in one study [34]. Balance was also studied in children with DCD [33,38,45], bilateral cochleo-vestibular loss [35], and different neurodevelopmental disorders [48].…”

“…The samples used were small, with less than 70 participants in most of the cases [32,33,[35][36][37]39,40,[42][43][44]46,48]. Only six studies analyzed larger samples [31,34,38,41,45,47], with sample sizes ranging from 85 participants (of whom only 25 were children) [34] to 6762 participants (of whom only 606 were children) [41].…”

“…In contrast, the study of Shiratori et al [42] used a female proportion of 70%. Finally, seven studies used relatively balanced samples in terms of sex distribution [34,37,39,40,[46][47][48], with female proportions between 50% [46,47] and 45% [37].…”

“…Different measurement wearables with ACCs incorporated were used. Triaxial ACCs were the most frequent option [31][32][33][34][35][36]38,39,41,[43][44][45][46][47][48], with a predominant tendency to use accelerometric devices included in iOS mobile devices (iPhone ® , iPod Touch ® o iPad ® , Apple Inc., Cupertino, California, USA) [31,35,41]. On the other hand, three studies employed inertial units (MIMUs, Opal, APDM Inc., Portland, Oregon, USA [37,40] and x-IMU, x-io Technologies Limited, Bristol, UK [35]) and uniaxial ACCs (PCB Piezoelectronics, Depew, NY, USA) [42].…”