Main symptoms in patients presenting in the COVID-19 period

Utku, Aylin Çalıca; Budak, Gökçen Gürkök; Karabay, Oğuz; Güçlü, Ertuğrul; Okan, Hüseyin Doğuş; Vatan, Aslı

doi:10.1177/0036933020949253

Cited by 93 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…In total, 78 studies were included to calculate the prevalence of headache in COVID-19 and all studies were published in 2020. The studies were conducted in Brazil 50 , China 13,51-96 , Egypt 97 , France 98-101 , Germany 102 , India 103,104 , Italy [105][106][107][108][109][110][111] , Japan 112,113 , Jordan 114 , Somalia 115 , South Korea 116,117 , Spain 118,119 , Turkey 120,121 , and the US [122][123][124][125][126] . Two studies were cross-sectional 119,122 , five were prospective cohort studies 65,90,98,110,121 and the remaining 71 studies were retrospective studies.…”

Section: Study Eligibility Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rest of the references had been excluded for these reasons: (a) the studies were case reports or case-series (n=98); (b) the full-text did not include data of outcome of interest (n=84); and (c) low quality of study (n=3) ( Figure 1). The included studies were conducted in a wide ranges of regions: Australia 127 120 , and the US 28,105,122,132,133 . Out of the studies, ten were case-control 28,29,31,99,105,120,128,130,132 , four were cross-sectional 50,70,122,131,133 , and two were prospective cohort studies 127,129 .…”

Section: Study Eligibility Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A total of 16 studies, consisting of 5,407 COVID-19 cases in adults and 94,818 adults with non-COVID-19 infections (mostly COVID-19-like respiratory viral infections), were analyzed to determine the association between headache and COVID-19. Of these studies, an association between headache and the occurrence of COVID-19 was observed in 9 studies 28,29,31,105,122,127,129,130,132 while seven studies reported no association 50,70,99,120,131,133,134 ( Table 2). Our cumulative calculation revealed that headache was found to be 1.7-fold more prevalent in patients with COVID-19 compared to those with non-COVID-19 respiratory viral infections, OR: 1.73; 95% CI: 1.94, 2.51 with p=0.04.…”

Section: Association Of Headache and Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Global prevalence and pathogenesis of headache in COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2020

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Background: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of headache in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and to assess its association as a predictor for COVID-19. This study also aimed to discuss the possible pathogenesis of headache in COVID-19. Methods: Available articles from PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched as of September 2nd, 2020. Data on characteristics of the study, headache and COVID-19 were extracted following the PRISMA guidelines. Biases were assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. The cumulative prevalence of headache was calculated for the general population (i.e. adults and children). The pooled odd ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) was calculated using the Z test to assess the association between headache and the presence of COVID-19 cases. Results: We included 104,751 COVID-19 cases from 78 eligible studies to calculate the global prevalence of headache in COVID-19 and 17 studies were included to calculate the association of headache and COVID-19. The cumulative prevalence of headache in COVID-19 was 25.2% (26,464 out of 104,751 cases). Headache was found to be more prevalent, approximately by two-fold, in COVID-19 patients than in non-COVID-19 patients with symptoms of other respiratory viral infections, OR: 1.73; 95% CI: 1.94, 2.5 with p=0.04. Conclusion: Headache is common among COVID-19 patients and seems to be more common in COVID-19 patients compared to those with the non-COVID-19 viral infection. No definitive mechanisms on how headache emerges in COVID-19 patients but several possible hypotheses have been proposed. However, extensive studies are warranted to elucidate the mechanisms. PROSPERO registration: CRD42020210332 (28/09/2020)

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Section: Study Eligibility Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Eligibility Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Association Of Headache and Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Global prevalence and pathogenesis of headache in COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2020

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“…It seems that the proportion of asymptomatic patients is controversial and should be better understood [ 28 , 29 ]. It was noted that fever, sore throat, and fatigue/myalgia were the most common symptoms in symptomatic patients [ 30 ]. However, congestion, rhinorrhea, and diarrhea were as well reported as less common symptoms [ 31 ].…”

Section: Covid-19 Pandemic Definitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Immunological Therapeutic Strategies for Controlling Multiple Sclerosis: Considerations during the COVID-19 Pandemic

et al. 2021

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A growing body of evidence initially suggested that patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) might be more susceptible to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Moreover, it was speculated that patients with MS treated with immunosuppressive drugs might be at risk to develop a severe diseases course after infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV2). However, the recently published data have shown that MS patients do not have a higher risk for severe COVID-19. Although there is no indication that patients with MS and immunomodulatory/immunosuppressive therapy are generally at a higher risk of severe COVID-19, it is currently being emphasized that the hazards of poorly treated MS may outweigh the putative COVID-19 dangers. In this review, we discuss the challenges and considerations for MS patients in the COVID-19 pandemic.

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“… 7 The novel finding in our study is that anosmia will continue to be an indicator that should be carefully examined in COVID-19 infection. 8 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influenza and anosmia: Important prediction factors for severity and death of COVID-19

Kim

Yang

et al. 2021

Journal of Infection

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Objectives: To investigate the factors related to the severity and mo rtality of COVID-19 using big data-machine learning techniques. Methods: This study included 8070 patients in South Korea diagnosed with COVID-19 between January and July 2020, and whose data were available from the National-Health-Insurance-Service. Results: Machine-learning algorithms were performed to evaluate the effects of comorbidities on severity and mortality of COVID-19. The most common comorbidities of COVID-19 were pulmonary inflammation followed by hypertension. The model that best predicted severity was a neural network (AUC: 85.06%). The most important variable for predicting severity in the neural network model was a history of influenza (relative importance: 0.083). The model that best predicted mortality was the logistic regression elastic net (EN) model (AUC: 93.86%). The most important variables for mortality in the EN model were age (coefficient: 2.136) and anosmia (coefficient: –1.438). Conclusions: In COVID-19 patients, influenza was found to be a major adverse factor in addition to old age and male. In addition, anosmia was found to be a major factor associated with lower severity and mortality. Therefore, in the current situation where there is no adequate COVID-19 treatment at present, examining the patient's history of influenza vaccination and anosmia in addition to age and sex will be an important indicator for predicting the severity and mortality of COVID-19 patients.

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Main symptoms in patients presenting in the COVID-19 period

Cited by 93 publications

References 26 publications

Global prevalence and pathogenesis of headache in COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Global prevalence and pathogenesis of headache in COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis

The Immunological Therapeutic Strategies for Controlling Multiple Sclerosis: Considerations during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Influenza and anosmia: Important prediction factors for severity and death of COVID-19

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