Main Stress and Parallel Metrical Planes

Abstract

Proceedings of the Eleventh Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society (1985), pp. 417-428

The separation of accent and rhythm: evidence from StressTyp

“…This correlation was independently noted inHammond (1985). 9 Apparent top-down systems have been used in the early OT-literature(Prince and Smolensky 1993) as an argument against the possibility of accounting for all stress systems derivationally.…”

Parallelism within serialism: primary stress is different

“…; for primary-stress-last, see e.g. Hayes 1980, Hammond 1985a,b, Halle & Vergnaud 1987 The works in the serial rule-based literature that acknowledge a similar range of primary stress patterns usually assume a languagespecific ordering solution, either implicitly or explicitly. Hayes (1995: 117-118), for example, proposes that languages are parametrically 'top-down' (primary-stress-first) or 'bottom-up' (primary-stress-last) (see also Odden 1979, Kager 1989, Goldsmith 1990, Hurch 1996.…”

“…The primary or main stress is the strongest stress within a given prosodic domain (here, the word), and it instantiates the property of culminativity, in the sense that the metrical structure 'culminates' in a single, strongest stress peak (Hyman 1977, Prince 1983, Hayes 1995. In many languages with iterative stress, the direction of primary-stress alignment coincides with the origin of foot iteration, and the primary stress occupies a foot type that looks the same as non-primary stress feet (Hammond 1985a, b, Hayes 1995. But asymmetries between primary and non-primary stresses are also robustly attested, as found, for example, in the work of Odden (1979), Bailey (1995), Hayes (1995), Hurch (1996), McGarrity (2003) and Goedemans & van der Hulst (2014).…”

“…In languages with iterative stress, we often find that the primary stress is anchored at the ‘start’ of the metrical parse (e.g. Hammond 1985a,b; Hayes 1995). The data below illustrate this with the well-known examples of Pintupi (Pama-Nyungan, Australia; Hansen & Hansen 1969) and Warao (Language isolate, Venezuela; Osborn 1966).…”

“…; for primary-stress-last, see e.g. Hayes 1980, Hammond 1985a,b, Halle & Vergnaud 1987.) The works in the serial rule-based literature that acknowledge a similar range of primary stress patterns usually assume a language-specific ordering solution, either implicitly or explicitly.…”