Magnitude and Correlates of Tuberculosis among HIV Patients at Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, Bahir Dar City, Northwest Ethiopia

Abstract

Abstract:Background: Tuberculosis and HIV have been closely linked since the emergence of AIDS. The aim of this study is to assess magnitude of Tuberculosis and its associated factors among HIV patients at Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital in Bahir Dar city. Methods: Institutional based Cross-sectional study was conducted in September 2012 in Bahir Dar city. Systematic sampling technique was employed to collect the data; both primary and secondary data were collected by interviewing HIV cases and reviewing their cards. The data were analyzed in bivariate and multivariate analysis using SPSS version 20. Result: The study was conducted among a total of 385 HIV cases. The prevalence of Tuberculosis was 10.1%. This study declared that body mass index (BMI), CD4 count and functional status were significant predictors of tuberculosis (TB). Besides, HIV cases whose BMI less than 18.5 were more than five times more likely to develop TB compared to those with BMI greater than 24.5 (AOR= 5.24, 95%CI:1.01-27.13), individual HIV cases whose CD4 count less than 200 were more than seven times likely to develop Tuberculosis compared to those whose CD4 count greater than 500 (AOR= 7.33, 95%CI:1.57-34.28), besides, the study explored that respondents who were bed redden and ambulatory were more than eight and six times more likely to develop Tuberculosis compared to those respondents who were able to work respectively (AOR=8.61, 95%CI: 1. . Conclusion: This study showed that magnitude of TB among HIV cases was 10.1%. HIV patients, whose BMI less than 18.5, CD4 count <200/µL, ambulatory and bedridden patients should be closely supervised by increasing patient round frequency and providing special nutritious food. TB/HIV co-infected patients should get all services in TB clinic. The Hospital should provide fast triaging systems for coughing patients and reducing their waiting time for services.

A Study on HIV/TB Co-infection in and around Khammam, Telangana, India

“…This clearly shows that TB coinfection increases in HIV positive individuals with decrease in CD4 cell count. Similar observations were done by some studies where CD4 cell counts were <200cells/mm 3 and severe immunosuppression in HIV/TB co-infected individuals when compared to HIV infection alone (Kamath et al, 2013;Belay et al, 2013;Taha M Deribew et al, 2011;Giri et al, 2013;Maruza et al, 2011). It is also important to detect MDR-TB in India where TB is endemic with a prevalence of 3% in new cases and 12-18% in old tested cases (Chauhan, 2008) the sensitivity of sputum microscopy will be less in HIV/TB coinfection but can be detected better by CBNAAT.…”

Incidence and Predictors of Tuberculosis among HIV/AIDS Infected Patients: A Five-Year Retrospective Follow-Up Study

“…Sample size was also calculated for second specific objective from the study conducted in Gondar University hospital and Felege-Hiwot Referral Hospital [13] [19]. Thus, Sample size calculated for the second specific objectives; CD4 count (>200) by considering 10% of lost to follow up, resulted 436, which is less than sample size calculated for first specific objective, so sample size (502) calculated for first specific objective was taken as sample size ( Table 1).…”

Trends of Immuno-virological Response Among HIV-Infected Patients Receiving Highly Active Anti-retroviral Therapy at Hawassa, Southern Ethiopia

“…The slower CD4+ cell reconstitution in older patients may be related to an impaired thymic function [18] and CD4 reconstitution has been shown to be age dependent [19,20]. In addition this study showed that 54.6% of ART patients were under the category of clinical stage equal to or above III according to WHO criteria; however this rate was lower than the study reported from Bahir Dar, northern part of Ethiopia, which was 69.7% [21]. The rates of clinical stage start to decline after using ART treatment and taking prophylaxis at baseline [22].…”