Magnetostrictive and magnetoelectric behavior of Fe–20at.% Ga∕Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 laminates

Abstract

Large high-frequency magnetoelectric response in laminated composites of piezoelectric ceramics, rare-earth iron alloys and polymer Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 3516 (2004) The magnetostrictive and magnetoelectric ͑ME͒ properties of laminate composites of Fe-20 at. % Ga and Pb͑Zr, Ti͒O 3 ͑PZT͒ have been studied for laminates of different geometries. The results show that ͑i͒ a long-type magnetostrictive Fe-20 at. % Ga crystal plate oriented along ͗001͘ c and magnetized in its longitudinal ͑or length͒ direction has higher magnetostriction than a disk-type one; and consequently ͑ii͒ a long-type Fe-20 at. % Ga/ PZT laminate has a giant ME effect, and is sensitive to low-level magnetic fields.

Fe – Ga ∕ Pb ( Mg 1 ∕ 3 Nb 2 ∕ 3 ) O 3 – Pb Ti O 3 magnetoelectric laminate composites

“…It is relevant to note that the maximum value of ‫ץ‬V ME L,L / ‫ץ‬H that we report here for Fe-20%Ga/PMN-PT laminates is ϳ4ϫ higher than that for L-L configurations of Fe-20%Ga/PZT. 10 It is also comparable to that of L-L or C-C configurations of Terfenol-D/PMN-PT, 20,22 and ϳ10ϫ higher than that for L-T configurations of Terfenol-D/ PZT or Terfenol-D/PMN-PT ones. 21 A long-type laminate favors the optimum combination of magnetostrictive and piezoelectric effects; in particular, the longitudinal magnetostrictive strain of Fe-20%Ga, and the longitudinal piezoelectric strain of PMN-PT are higher, than the corresponding transverse ones.…”

“…% Ga/ Pb͑Zr, Ti͒O 3 laminates. 10 In this letter, we will show that Fe-Ga/ Pb͑Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 O 3 -PbTiO 3 ͒ ͑PMN-PT͒ ME laminates have much better ME coupling effect and higher sensitivity to a small magnetic signal.…”

“…ME effects have been found in many two-phase composites of magnetostrictive materials, such as Tb 1−x Dy x Fe 2−y , Permendur, Ni 1−x Co x Fe 2 O 4 ͑i.e., NFO͒, or Co 1−x Zn x Fe 2 O 4 ͑i.e., CFO͒, and piezoelectric materials, such as Pb͑Zr, Ti͒O 3 or PMN-PT layers. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] In our prior article, we reported the magnetostrictive and magnetoelectric behavior of Fe-20 at. % Ga/ Pb͑Zr, Ti͒O 3 laminates.…”

Magnetoelectric effect in Terfenol-D∕Pb(Zr,TiO)3∕μ-metal laminate composites

“…Without -metal layers, the TL mode had much higher values of H dc,opti ജ 4000 Oe than the LL mode, and much lower values of V ME than that previously reported at fields of H dc Ͻ 700 Oe. 8,14 However, upon incorporation of -metal layers on the top/bottom sides of the laminate, H dc,opti was decreased to 700 Oe; in addition, the maximum value of V ME was enhanced from ϳ670 mV/ Oe under H dc = 4000 Oe to ϳ 900 mV/ Oe under H dc = 700 Oe. A more notable increase can be seen by comparing data taken at a constant bias of H dc = 500 Oe, where V ME was increased by a factor of up to ϳ7.6 upon incorporation of the -metal layers.…”

“…However, these laminate composites exhibit significant ME effects only near an optimum dc magnetic bias H dc,opti , where the effective piezomagnetic coefficient ͑i.e., d / dH͒ of the magnetostrictive layers is maximum. 14 Typical values of H dc,opti for ME laminates operated in a longitudinally magnetized longitudinally polarized ͑or LL͒ mode are about 500 Oe, whereas those operated in transversely magnetized transversely polarized and transversely polarized ͑TT͒ longitudinally polarized ͑TL͒ modes have an H dc,opti Ϸ 4000 Oe. 2,9 Here, we report that H dc,opti can be notably shifted over a wide range of values by flux concentration, via colamination with high-permeability -metal layers into the ME composite.…”