Magnetoelectric effect in Terfenol-D∕Pb(Zr,TiO)3∕μ-metal laminate composites

Abstract

-Fang; et al., "Magnetoelectric effect in Terfenol-D/Pb(Zr,TiO)(3)/mu-metal laminate composites," Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 122903 (2006); http:// dx

Magnetoelectric nonlinearity in magnetoelectric laminate sensors

“…Please note that previous publications were based on this dc bias field to achieve an optimized operation point. [5][6][7][8][9][10] However, a maximum nonlinearity of a Nonlin ME ¼ 1.2 V=cm-Oe 2 was found under H dc ¼ 4.8 Oe. These results clearly demonstrate that an improvement of a Nonlin ME by a factor of 10 Â can be achieved by optimizing H dc .…”

“…5 However, the individual layers are known to have significant piezoelectric 8 and effective piezomagnetic 9 nonlinearities. Such nonlinearities are known to be extrinsic, and dependent on external variables, such as frequency and dc electric=magnetic fields.…”

“…[4][5][6][7][8][9][10] The ME effect is a polarization response to an applied magnetic field, H; or conversely, a magnetization response to an applied electric field, E. 5 Researchers have found that two-phase laminate composites which contain magnetostrictive and piezoelectric phase layers laminated together have giant ME effects. 6 Generally, the ME response is described by a linear ME voltage coefficient a ME , defined as [5][6][7] a ME ¼ E=H inc ½V/cm À Oe; (1) where H inc is the incident field to be detected.…”

“…Prior investigations have focused on the linear ME response [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] and constitutive equations. 5 However, the individual layers are known to have significant piezoelectric 8 and effective piezomagnetic 9 nonlinearities.…”

NiCo-lead zirconium titanate-NiCo trilayered magnetoelectric composites prepared by electroless deposition

“…[6][7][8][9][10] As the ME effect of single phase materials is weak and mostly only appears at low temperature, ME composites have drawn more attention because of their tremendous ME voltage coefficients at room temperature. [11][12][13][14] In ME composites, an external magnetic field applied to the magnetostrictive phase lead to a elastic deformation by means of magnetostriction, then the strain is transmitted to the piezoelectric phase and resulting in an induced charge output due to the piezoelectric effect. 15 The ME effect of layered ME composites depends strongly on the magnetostrictive properties of magnetostrictive phases because the strong ME coupling is derived from the product effect of the magnetostrictive and piezoelectric effects.…”