Magnetically Controlled Carbonate Nanocomposite with Ciprofloxacin for Biofilm Eradication

Abstract

Biofilms are the reason for a vast majority of chronic inflammation cases and most acute inflammation. The treatment of biofilms still is a complicated task due to the low efficiency of drug delivery and high resistivity of the involved bacteria to harmful factors. Here we describe a magnetically controlled nanocomposite with a stimuli-responsive release profile based on calcium carbonate and magnetite with an encapsulated antibiotic (ciprofloxacin) that can be used to solve this problem. The material magnetic properties allowed targeted delivery, accumulation, and penetration of the composite in the biofilm, as well as the rapid triggered release of the entrapped antibiotic. Under the influence of an RF magnetic field with a frequency of 210 kHz, the composite underwent a phase transition from vaterite into calcite and promoted the release of ciprofloxacin. The effectiveness of the composite was tested against formed biofilms of E. coli and S. aureus and showed a 71% reduction in E. coli biofilm biomass and an 85% reduction in S. aureus biofilms. The efficiency of the composite with entrapped ciprofloxacin was higher than for the free antibiotic in the same concentration, up to 72%. The developed composite is a promising material for the treatment of biofilm-associated inflammations.

Bio-Inspired Surface Modification of Magnetite Nanoparticles with Dopamine Conjugates

“…The mechanisms of these processes are unknown. It was shown that the uptake efficiency can be modulated by NPs surface modification or by addition of various additives such as tissue homogenate S9 fraction containing cytosol and microsomes [56][57][58][59]. The synthesized composites showed moderate activity compared to free bioactive molecules, but the obtained results can be considered positive for unoptimized systems.…”

Structural Rearrangements of Carbonic Anhydrase Entrapped in Sol-Gel Magnetite Determined by ATR–FTIR Spectroscopy

“…Ferria hydrosol: Ferria hydrosol was prepared by the procedure described earlier [ 5 , 53 ]. Briefly, 2.5 g of iron (II) chloride tetrahydrate and 5 g of iron (III) chloride hexahydrate were dissolved in 100 mL of deionized water and 11 mL of ammonia was added rapidly under constant stirring.…”

Strategies to prevent, curb and eliminate biofilm formation based on the characteristics of various periods in one biofilm life cycle

“…Above all, these are exactly why bacterial biofilm related diseases, such as osteoarthritis, valvulitis, rhinitis, cystitis, vaginitis, periodontitis, specific pneumonia, otitis, etc., of which implant-associated infections are the most common, are currently the culprits of chronic infections bringing tremendous survival hazards to mankind ( Luis Del Pozo, 2018 ). While bacterial biofilms develop over the exterior of surgical implants (for example, a prosthesis of the knee joint), they tend to aggregate inflammatory compositions and secrete metabolic substances, resulting in an acidic multi-radical microenvironment, which contributes to the failure of wound healing ( Rumyantceva et al., 2021 ). Most secondary surgeries for implant removal in clinical practices are linked closely to biofilm development by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) .…”