“…The need for advanced engineering materials is increasing in the aeroplane, aerospace, energy, defence, and transportation industries, because a single material often cannot meet the requirements (Ozden et al, 2007;Topcu et al, 2009;Varol et al, 2017). Powder metallurgy (Çavdar et al, 2014a;Çavdar et al, 2014c;Çavdar and Atik, 2014a), nanotechnology (Altıntas et al, 2016;Cavdar et al, 2020;Kusoglu et al, 2020) applications and their heat treatments Çavdar et al, 2015;Matik, 2016;Perianyagam et al, 2016;Altıntas et al, 2019;Yazıcı and Çavdar, 2017) are helping to meet needs.…”