Magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of brain metastases in small cell lung cancer

Zhu, Dan; Shao, Yongjia; Yang, Zhangwei; Cheng, Ailan; Xi, Qi; Liang, Xiaohua; Chu, Shuguang

doi:10.1002/cam4.6206

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…According to the statistics, BM are a frequent complication in lung cancer patients, presenting in approximately 40% of patients with advanced adenocarcinoma and 50% with SCLC [15]. BM are present at diagnosis in approximately 18% of SCLC at initial diagnosis, and can reach 50-65% of cases within two years [16], moreover, the median survival of SCLC with BM is only 4.9 months [17]. The incidence of BM from breast cancer still following the lung cancer ranks second, accounting for about 10 to 30% [18], and with a median time of BM occurrence 2-3 years after the initial breast cancer diagnosis [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synchronous double primary small cell lung cancer and invasive ductal breast carcinoma: a case report

Gan,

Liu,

Liu

et al. 2024

BMC Pulm Med

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Background Although lung and breast cancers are common malignancies, the occurrence of primary synchronous neoplasms involving these organs has been rarely reported in literature. Case presentation A 75-year-old female patient presented at a local hospital with a ten-day history of dizziness and slurred speech. A CT contrast-enhanced scan revealed a 4.2 cm mass in the lower lobe of the right lung and a 3.8 cm space-occupying lesion in the right breast. Subsequent breast ultrasound identified a hypoechoic lesion measuring5.41 × 4.75 × 3.06 cm in the right breast, and an ultrasound-guided biopsy confirmed the presence of infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the right breast. The immunohistochemistry analysis of the breast mass revealed positive staining for ER, PR, HER-2, AR and Ki67 in the tumor cells, while negative staining was observed for P63, Calponin, CK5/6 and CK14. MR imaging of the head detected abnormal signals in the right frontal lobe (3.6 cm×2.9 cm in size), left cerebellar hemisphere, and punctate enhancement in the left temporal lobe, indicating potential metastasis. Pathological examination of a lung biopsy specimen confirmed the presence of small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Furthermore, immunohistochemistry analysis of the lung lesions demonstrated positive staining for TTF-1, CK-Pan, Syn, CgA, CD56, P53 (90%) and Ki67 (70%), and negative staining for NapsinA and P40 in the tumor cells. The patient’s diagnosis of SCLC with stage cT2bN0M1c IVB and brain metastases (BM), as well as invasive ductal breast carcinoma (IDC), was confirmed based on the aforementioned results. Whereupon we proposed a treatment plan consisting of whole-brain radiation (40 Gy/20fractions), focal radiotherapy (60 Gy/20fractions), and adjuvant concurrent chemotherapy with oral etoposide (50 mg on days 1 to 20). Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, the present case is the first of its kind to describe the synchronous double cancer, consisting of primary SCLC and IDC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, no clear and unified clinical treatment guideline for synchronous primary cancers has been developed [17]. Surgery remains the primary treatment option [24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synchronous double primary small cell lung cancer and invasive ductal breast carcinoma: a case report

Gan,

Liu,

Liu

et al. 2024

BMC Pulm Med

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Magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of brain metastases in small cell lung cancer

et al. 2023

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BackgroundLung is the most common primary site of brain metastases (BMs). For different pathological types of BMs have some similar characteristics, it is still a challenge to confirm the origin based on their characteristics directly. BMs of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) have favorable therapeutic expectations due to their high sensitivity to radiotherapy. This study sought to identify unique characteristics of BMs in SCLC, aiming to assist in clinical decision‐making.MethodsPatients diagnosed with BMs of lung cancer who received radiotherapy from January 2017 to January 2022 were reviewed (N = 284). Definitive diagnosis of BMs of SCLC was reached for 36 patients. All patients underwent head examination using magnetic resonance imaging. The number, size, location, and signal characteristics of lesions were analyzed.ResultsThere were 7 and 29 patients with single focus and non‐single focus, respectively. Ten patients had diffuse lesions, and the remaining 26 patients had a total of 90 lesions. These lesions were divided into three groups according to size: <1, 1–3, and >3 cm (43.33%, 53.34%, and 3.33%, respectively). Sixty‐six lesions were located in the supratentorial area, primarily including cortical and subcortical lesions (55.56%) and deep brain lesions (20%). Moreover, 22 lesions were located in the infratentorial area. According to diffusion‐weighted imaging and T1‐weighted contrast enhancement, the imaging characteristics were classified into six patterns. Hyperintensity in diffusion‐weighted imaging and homogeneous enhancement was the most common pattern of BMs in SCLC (46.67%), while partial lesions showed hyperintensity in diffusion‐weighted imaging without enhancement (7.78%).ConclusionsThe manifestations of BMs in SCLC were multiple lesions (diameter: 1–3 cm), hyperintensity in diffusion‐weighted imaging, and homogeneous enhancement. Interestingly, hyperintensity in diffusion‐weighted imaging without enhancement was also one of the characteristics.

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Revolutionizing Lung Cancer Diagnosis: A Comprehensive Review of Image Processing Techniques for Early Detection and Precision Medicine

Sanjay S Tippannavar,

Yashwanth S D,

Gayatri S

et al. 2023

JIIP

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According to World Health Organisation (WHO), lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related fatalities in both genders and has the highest fatality rate. Early detection of pulmonary nodules is essential to improving the significant survival rate of lung cancer due to the typical proliferation of lung cells. Studies on lung cancer indicate that smoking is the primary cause of this disease, which is more common in women nowadays and causes more deaths than breast cancer. Age, gender, race, socioeconomic status, exposure to the environment, air pollution, alcohol consumption, and second-hand smoking are a few more factors that could be significant in causing lung cancer. Early detection of lung cancer is achieved through a variety of image processing techniques, such as computed tomography (CT), bone scanning, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Positron Emission Tomography, PET-CT, and X-ray scanning. These techniques are combined with machine learning algorithms, data mining, and artificial intelligence-based detection techniques, which improve detection through efficient computing systems known as computer assisted diagnosis (CAD). Since practically all lung cancer screening and detection is dependent on image processing, this article will serve as a reference for aspiring researchers to understand the many detection strategies in effectively identifying lung cancer. Additionally, five distinct methods are evaluated and critically analysed, along with their benefits and drawbacks, taking into account the present and potential future developments in early lung cancer diagnosis for human survival.

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Magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of brain metastases in small cell lung cancer

Cited by 3 publications

References 26 publications

Synchronous double primary small cell lung cancer and invasive ductal breast carcinoma: a case report

Synchronous double primary small cell lung cancer and invasive ductal breast carcinoma: a case report

Magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of brain metastases in small cell lung cancer

Revolutionizing Lung Cancer Diagnosis: A Comprehensive Review of Image Processing Techniques for Early Detection and Precision Medicine

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