Magnetic nanoparticles of Fe3O4 enhance docetaxel-induced prostate cancer cell death

Abstract

Docetaxel (DTX) is one of the most important anticancer drugs; however, the severity of its adverse effects detracts from its practical use in the clinic. Magnetic nanoparticles of Fe 3 O 4 (MgNPs-Fe 3 O 4 ) can enhance the delivery and efficacy of anticancer drugs. We investigated the effects of MgNPs-Fe 3 O 4 or DTX alone, and in combination with prostate cancer cell growth in vitro, as well as with the mechanism underlying the cytotoxic effects. MgNPs-Fe 3 O 4 caused dose-dependent increases in reactive oxygen species levels in DU145, PC-3, and LNCaP cells; 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine levels were also elevated. MgNPs-Fe 3 O 4 alone reduced the viability of LNCaP and PC-3 cells; however, MgNPs-Fe 3 O 4 enhanced the cytotoxic effect of a low dose of DTX in all three cell lines. MgNPs-Fe 3 O 4 also augmented the percentage of DU145 cells undergoing apoptosis following treatment with low dose DTX. Expression of nuclear transcription factor κB in DU145 was not affected by MgNPs-Fe 3 O 4 or DTX alone; however, combined treatment suppressed nuclear transcription factor κB expression. These findings offer the possibility that MgNPs-Fe 3 O 4 -low dose DTX combination therapy may be effective in treating prostate cancer with limited adverse effects.

Effects of magnetic nanoparticles of Fe3O4 combinated with gambogic acid on apoptosis of SMMC-7721 cells

“… 10 , 11 At present, Fe 3 O 4 is the most common material of nanoparticles with low toxicity, magnetic properties, and metabolizable body. 12 – 14 The present study is aimed to demonstrate the potential synergistic effects of Fe 3 O 4 -MNP and GA on apoptosis induction in SMMC-7721 cells. The data of MTT assay showed that Fe 3 O 4 -MNP at less than 20 μg/mL concentration had no obvious influence on the multiplication of SMMC-7721 cells but decreased the IC 50 value of GA.…”

Recent trends in preparation and biomedical applications of iron oxide nanoparticles

“…Fe 3 O 4 (100 μg/mL) could decrease 15% cell viability of DU145, PC-3, and LNCaP cells. Fe 3 O 4 (100 μg/mL) could enhance the cytotoxicity of docetaxel (1 nM) in DU145, PC-3, and LNCaP cell lines with 40% cell death [ 94 ]. IONPs coated with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone receptor (LHRH-R) peptide and urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) peptide (LHRH-AE105-IONPs) were developed as drug delivery system.…”

Iron Oxide Nanoparticles in Cancer Treatment: Cell Responses and the Potency to Improve Radiosensitivity

“…The targeted action of IONPs as nanoenhancers is based on the fact these can specifically accumulate in the vascularized part of a solid tumor [91,92], exerting immunogenic and damaging effects at different levels [93][94][95][96]. This was demonstrated when studying iron oxide NPs as independent agents in breast cancer models, e.g., MDA-MB231 [97,98], prostate cancer (e.g., PC3, DU145 [99,100]), liver cancer (e.g., HepG2 [101]), brain tumors (e.g., U87 and GL-261 [102,103]), and others. The accumulation of nanoparticles inside the tumor is possible due to the inherent tumor effect of enhanced permeability and retention (EPR).…”