Magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles for simultaneous extraction and determination of 6-mercaptopurine and its active metabolite thioguanine in human plasma

Sample Preparation Using Molecularly Imprinted Polymers

“…To limit the number of MIPs to be prepared and characterized, a computational approach was as an help to select the monomer or template/monomer ratio. [67][68][69] A MIP is usually synthesized for a specific analytical use that implies the choice of a given template molecule, whose the structure and the functionalities define the subsequent properties of the binding sites. In most of the cases, the molecule selected as template is the molecule that has to be extracted next by the MIP thus ensuring an optimal recognition during the extraction process.…”

“…94 In most of the cases, 5-100 mg of particles are dispersed in the samples. The ratio between the amount of MIP particles and the volume of the sample, that has only been optimized in some cases, 68,180 can be lower than 1, 32,33,44,94,143,158,169,179 between 1 and 10, 45,50,58,59,61,64,65,89,98,106,107,111,114,117,147,154,155,[163][164][165]170,177,178,185 or up to 50 34,66,69,144,149,168,174,181,188 and even 250 mg/mL. 43 Environmental waters were filtered 172 or directly put in contact with the MIP particles for the extraction of target analytes.…”

“…155 As for SPE-MIP, the validation of a dSPE procedure was mainly based on the intra-and interday studies of the extraction recoveries, measured mainly in pure media 59,96,180,184 but also in real samples, in their native form 62,181 or spiked at different concentration levels. 37,45,50,51,62,65,69,94,96,113,149,163,165,168,172,174,178,183,184 Li et al compared MIP and C18 silica particles to evaluate their difference in term of adsorption capacity of drugs from environmental waters, that was higher with the MIP (factor 2.6). 155 A similar comparison was reported by Lu et al that observed a higher selectivity, with a better clean-up effect with the MIP.…”

MOLECULARLY IMPRINTED POLYMER NANOPARTICLES (MIP-NPs) APPLICATIONS IN ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSORS

“…The number of publications related to the applications of MIP-NP has increased in recent years, especially, in the field of analytical chemistry, such as applications for solid-phase extraction [5,6], liquid chromatography [7], drug delivery system [8,9], capillary electrochromatography [10], enzyme-like catalysis [11], and sensor [12,13].…”

Selective Recognition of Myoglobin in Biological Samples Using Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Based Affinity Traps

“…During the preparation of selective MIPs, appropriate functional monomers are chosen and polymerized with a cross-linker in the presence of the desired molecule (template). Since MIPs display excellent affinity and selectivity towards the target compound, they can efficiently be used in different applications such as biosensor platforms, catalysis, and extraction [ 28 – 30 ]. In addition, MIPs are low-cost and robust materials at harsh process conditions such as high pressure, high temperature, and low and high pH values [ 31 – 37 ].…”