Magnetic metal–organic framework nanocomposites for enrichment and direct detection of small molecules by negative-ion matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Lin, Zian; Bian, Wei; Zheng, Jiangnan; Cai, Zongwei

doi:10.1039/c5cc02495a

Cited by 83 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…18 The g-C 3 N 4 nanosheet solution (∼0.75 mg/mL) was vortexed for 30 s prior to use. As a control, graphene matrix was also prepared by adding 1 mg graphene nanopowder into 1 mL ethanol−aqueous solution (1:1 v/v) and sonicated for 5 min before use.…”

Section: ■ Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Negative Ion Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Small Molecules Using Graphitic Carbon Nitride Nanosheet Matrix

et al. 2015

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Ultrathin graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) nanosheets served as a novel matrix for the detection of small molecules by negative ion matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) was described for the first time. In comparison with conventional organic matrices and graphene matrix, the use of g-C 3 N 4 nanosheet matrix showed free matrix background interference and increased signal intensity in the analysis of amino acids, nucleobases, peptides, bisphenols (BPs), and nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (nitro-PAHs). A systematic comparison of g-C 3 N 4 nanosheets with positive and negative ion modes revealed that mass spectra produced by g-C 3 N 4 nanosheets in negative ion mode were featured by singly deprotonated ion without matrix interference, which was rather different from the complicated alkali metal complexes in positive ion mode. Good salt tolerance and reproducibility allowed the determination of 1-nitropyrene (1-NP) in sewage, and its corresponding detection limit was lowered to 1 pmol. In addition, the ionization mechanism of the g-C 3 N 4 nanosheets as matrix was also discussed. The work expands its application scope of g-C 3 N 4 nanosheets and provides an alternative approach for small molecules. M atrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) has been widely applied to the analysis of synthetic polymers and proteins over the past two decades. 1,2 Although some remarkable achievements have been made, analysis of low-molecular-weight compounds (m/z < 500 Da) by MALDI-TOF MS using conventional organic matrices (e.g., α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid, CHCA) remains a great challenge due to the strong matrix-derived interference in the low mass region. 3 Furthermore, the inhomogeneous co-crystallization of analytes with an organic matrix often requires sweet-spot searching, which results in low shot-to-shot reproducibility. 4 To solve these problems, great efforts have been made recently. One strategy is to exploit new organic matrices with low background. 5,6 Another one is the development of surfaceassisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (SALDI-MS) 7 by using inorganic nanomaterials as matrices. At present, a diversity of inorganic nanomaterials including porous silicon, 8,9 metal/metal oxide nanoparticles, 10−13 inorganic carbon-based materials, 7,14−16 and metal−organic frameworks 17,18 have been introduced as SALDI matrices. In particular, using inorganic carbon-based nanomaterials like fullerene, 19 graphite, 15 carbon nanotubes, 14,20 graphene, 16,21,22 and carbon nanodots 23,24 appears to be an attractive ionization method due to the merits of remarkable charge mobility and universal optical adsorption property. However, most of the carbon material matrices showed poor solubility and water dispersibility, which usually leads to the inhomogeneous crystallization with the analytes and, thus, decreases the sensitivity of SALDI MS and shot-to-shot reproducibility. 23 On the other hand, altho...

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Section: ■ Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Negative Ion Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Small Molecules Using Graphitic Carbon Nitride Nanosheet Matrix

et al. 2015

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“…For instance, Lin et al [79] recently reported ZIF-8 coated magnetic nanocomposites (Fe 3 O 4 @ZIF-8 MNCs) was served as absorbent and matrix for sensitive analysis of small molecules, which combined the merits of MOFs with Fe 3 O 4 . The as-prepared Fe 3 O 4 @ZIF-8 MNCs possessed large specific surfaces, excellent thermal stability, superparamagnetic behavior and strong UV-visible adsorption near the laser wavelength.…”

Section: Nanomaterial-assisted Ldi Methods Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomaterials as Assisted Matrix of Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry for the Analysis of Small Molecules

Yang

et al. 2017

Nanomaterials

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Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI), a soft ionization method, coupling with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF MS) has become an indispensible tool for analyzing macromolecules, such as peptides, proteins, nucleic acids and polymers. However, the application of MALDI for the analysis of small molecules (<700 Da) has become the great challenge because of the interference from the conventional matrix in low mass region. To overcome this drawback, more attention has been paid to explore interference-free methods in the past decade. The technique of applying nanomaterials as matrix of laser desorption/ionization (LDI), also called nanomaterial-assisted laser desorption/ionization (nanomaterial-assisted LDI), has attracted considerable attention in the analysis of low-molecular weight compounds in TOF MS. This review mainly summarized the applications of different types of nanomaterials including carbon-based, metal-based and metal-organic frameworks as assisted matrices for LDI in the analysis of small biological molecules, environmental pollutants and other low-molecular weight compounds.

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“…In their work, the molecularly imprinted polymer was the main sorbent for analytes, and ZIF-8 only served as an interlayer carrier for structure and auxiliary factor for adsorption [33]. Recently, Lin et al [34] reported that ZIF-8 coated magnetic nanocomposites were used for enrichment and direct detection of small molecules by negative-ion matrix-assisted laser desorption/Ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) for the first time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Wang et al [30] used ZIF-8 as sorbent for -SPE of estrogens in environmental water samples. However, only a few ZIF-8 related magnetic materials have been reported for now [31][32][33][34]. Zhang [32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Determination of phthalate esters in environmental water by magnetic Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 solid-phase extraction coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography

Liu

Sun

Chen

et al. 2015

Journal of Chromatography A

107

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Magnetic metal–organic framework nanocomposites for enrichment and direct detection of small molecules by negative-ion matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Abstract: Zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 coated magnetic nanocomposites (Fe3O4@ZIF-8 MNCs) served as an absorbent and a matrix for negative-ion MALDI-TOF MS. The host-guest property and interference-free background made them an ideal dual platform for the sensitive analysis of small molecules.

Cited by 83 publications

References 23 publications

Negative Ion Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Small Molecules Using Graphitic Carbon Nitride Nanosheet Matrix

Negative Ion Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Small Molecules Using Graphitic Carbon Nitride Nanosheet Matrix

Nanomaterials as Assisted Matrix of Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry for the Analysis of Small Molecules

Determination of phthalate esters in environmental water by magnetic Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 solid-phase extraction coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography

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