Magnetic Levitation To Characterize the Kinetics of Free-Radical Polymerization

Ge, Shencheng; Semenov, Sergey N.; Nagarkar, Amit A.; Milette, Jonathan; Christodouleas, Dionysios C.; Li, Yuan; Whitesides, George M.

doi:10.1021/jacs.7b10901

Cited by 43 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The Maglev system has a capacity to levitate a diamagnetic object when the induced magnetic force, through the paramagnetic medium (i.e., SPIONs in this study), is strong enough to cancel out the gravitational force (Equation )

{\overset{F}{true}}_{g} + {\overset{F}{true}}_{mag} = 0

{\overset{F}{true}}_{g} = (ρ_{s} - ρ_{m}) V \vec{g}

{\overset{F}{true}}_{mag} = \frac{(χ_{s} - χ_{m})}{μ_{0}} V (\overset{B}{true} . \overset{\nabla}{true}) \vec{B}

After levitation and in final equilibrium position, these two forces are equal, and we have:

(ρ_{s} - ρ_{m}) g - \frac{(χ_{s} - χ_{m})}{μ_{0}} (B_{x} \frac{\partial B_{z}}{\partial x} + B_{y} \frac{\partial B_{z}}{\partial y} + B_{z} \frac{\partial B_{z}}{\partial z}) = 0

Using Equation in Equation we will have

ρ_{s} \approx ρ_{m} + \frac{(χ_{s} - χ_{m})}{μ_{0} g} (B_{z} \frac{\partial B_{z}}{\partial z})

and finally, by considering the z ‐dependence of magnetic field, Equation clearly results in a linear relationship between height and density between two magnets separated by a distance of d (Equation ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolving Magnetically Levitated Plasma Proteins Detects Opioid Use Disorder as a Model Disease

Ashkarran

Olfatbakhsh

Ramezankhani

et al. 2020

Adv Healthcare Materials

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There are several methods (e.g., enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy) that already use human plasma to detect a variety of possible diseases. However, this paper introduces the capabilities of magnetic levitation (Maglev) to detect disease (Opioid Use Disorder, used here as a model disease) by using levitation of human plasma proteins. The presented proof‐of‐concept findings revealed that the optical images of magnetically levitated plasma proteins carry important information about the health spectrum of plasma donors. In addition, the liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy analysis of the magnetically levitated plasma proteins demonstrated remarkable differences between the plasma of healthy individuals and patients with opioid use disorders. Overall, the presented method provides diagnostic value for disease detection using optical images of evolving magnetically levitated plasma proteins and/or proteomic information.

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{\overset{F}{true}}_{g} + {\overset{F}{true}}_{mag} = 0

{\overset{F}{true}}_{g} = (ρ_{s} - ρ_{m}) V \vec{g}

{\overset{F}{true}}_{mag} = \frac{(χ_{s} - χ_{m})}{μ_{0}} V (\overset{B}{true} . \overset{\nabla}{true}) \vec{B}

After levitation and in final equilibrium position, these two forces are equal, and we have:

(ρ_{s} - ρ_{m}) g - \frac{(χ_{s} - χ_{m})}{μ_{0}} (B_{x} \frac{\partial B_{z}}{\partial x} + B_{y} \frac{\partial B_{z}}{\partial y} + B_{z} \frac{\partial B_{z}}{\partial z}) = 0

Using Equation in Equation we will have

ρ_{s} \approx ρ_{m} + \frac{(χ_{s} - χ_{m})}{μ_{0} g} (B_{z} \frac{\partial B_{z}}{\partial z})

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolving Magnetically Levitated Plasma Proteins Detects Opioid Use Disorder as a Model Disease

Ashkarran

Olfatbakhsh

Ramezankhani

et al. 2020

Adv Healthcare Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…When the proportion of sesame oil was 0%, the oil droplet was peanut oil, which was levitated in the upper part of the container, indicating that the density of the peanut oil was less than that of the paramagnetic solution. 18 When the proportion of sesame oil was 100%, the oil droplet was sesame oil, which was levitated in the lower part of the container, indicating that the density of sesame oil was greater than that of the paramagnetic solution. 19 Because the density of sesame oil was greater than the density of peanut oil, the density of the mixed oil increased with the increasing proportion of sesame oil in the mixed oil, resulting in the decreased levitation height of the oil droplets.…”

Section: Maglev-based Detection Of Adulterated Cooking Oilmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Magnetic levitation (MagLev), an emerging analytical technique that maps the density of a diamagnetic object by its position levitated in a paramagnetic solution, 18 may answer to this demand. The technique is compatible with most types of diamagnetic objects with densities of 0.8-3 g cm À3 with a high accuracy ranging from AE0.0002 g cm À3 to AE0.02 g cm À3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using magnetic levitation for density-based detection of cooking oils

et al. 2019

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“…We used atype of MagLev device that we have described previously (Supporting Information, Figure S1). [3] Thed esign of all experiments and relevant theory is described in the Supporting Information.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Powders Containing Illicit Drugs Using Magnetic Levitation

et al. 2019

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Magneto‐Archimedes levitation (MagLev) enables the separation of powdered mixtures of illicit drugs (cocaine, methamphetamine, heroin, fentanyl, and its analogues), adulterants, and diluents based on density, and allows the presumptive identification of individual components. Small samples (mass <50 mg), with low concentrations of illicit drugs, present a particular challenge to analysis for forensic chemists. The MagLev device, a cuvette containing a solution of paramagnetic gadolinium(III) chelate in a non‐polar solvent, placed between two like‐poles‐facing NdFeB magnets, allowed separation of seven relevant compounds simultaneously. In particular, initial separation with MagLev, followed by characterization by FTIR‐ATR, enabled identification of fentanyl in a sample of fentanyl‐laced heroin (1.3 wt % fentanyl, 2.6 wt % heroin, and 96.1 wt % lactose). MagLev allows identification of unknown powders in mixtures and enables confirmatory identification based on structure‐specific techniques.

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Magnetic Levitation To Characterize the Kinetics of Free-Radical Polymerization

Cited by 43 publications

References 25 publications

Evolving Magnetically Levitated Plasma Proteins Detects Opioid Use Disorder as a Model Disease

Evolving Magnetically Levitated Plasma Proteins Detects Opioid Use Disorder as a Model Disease

Using magnetic levitation for density-based detection of cooking oils

Analysis of Powders Containing Illicit Drugs Using Magnetic Levitation

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