X-ray-diffraction measurements were performed on mixed vanadate/phosphate single crystals of the type: TbV 1Ϫx P x O 4 ͑where xϭ0, 0.10, 0.18, 0.24, and 0.32͒ in order to investigate the effects of P doping on the Jahn-Teller phase transition. The transition temperature, below which the tetragonal symmetry of the lattice is lowered to orthorhombic, decreases with increasing P concentration. In order to explain the order parameters of the transition and the striking reduction in the transition temperature with increasing P content, a modified mean-field model was developed for the mixed system. A simple calculation assuming only a distribution in the value of the quadrupolar crystal-field parameter B 2 0 is unsatisfactory. Since the local tetragonal symmetry is broken due to the random distribution of phosphorous, a term involving the operator P xy ϭ 1 2 (J x J y ϩJ y J x ) was introduced in the Hamiltonian that includes both the crystal-field and magnetoelastic effects. This term, in conjunction with the distribution in the magnitude of the corresponding crystal-field parameter, was essential in order to reproduce the observed temperature dependence of the order parameter ͑orthorhombic strain͒. The results of the diffuse scattering measurements performed on the xϭ0.32 crystal confirmed the existence of local strains that should give rise to variation in B 2 0 . The diffuse intensity due to strains having the symmetry associated with P xy could not be resolved, however, because of the overlapping thermal diffuse scattering.