Industrial noise and vibration leads to the workers disease, fatigue breakdown of pipeline and apparatus junction, decreasing of machine operating characteristics etc. According to statistics, amblyacousia and vibration illness takes the first places among all the other professional diseases. Investigations of noise and vibration levels at the operator's positions of "Volgoelectromontazh-1" Joint Stock Company of Russian Federation were done. Measurements were carried out according to existing methods and standards. In total 27 operator's positions were investigated in the main building and in the shop of consumer goods. The results of measurements showed, that for some positions (pendulum saw, cutting-off lathe, presses etc.) there were significant excesses of the sanitary standards of noise levels. Complex of measures of noise reduction was developed, including technical decisions and organizing measures. Results of measures implementation shows good efficiency of noise and vibration reduction.
Presently noise impact may be considered as one of the most serious problems in conditions of modern towns. Transport noise is one of the main noise sources of the city environment. Some approaches to noise estimation and mapping in conditions of Russia are described. Formalization and modeling of transport flows it is convenient to do by using of influence diagrams. Program provision «Sound-City-Test» have been developed for calculation of external noise sources and for development of dynamic maps with using of principles of object oriented visual programming. Analysis of acoustical pollution of urban territories on the example of samara region of Russia was done. In total, the results of noise measurements in the territory of Samara region of Russia is showing that in the number of points of measurement there is exceeding of sanitary norms. The most serious problem of noise influence is for the dwelling territories adjoining to transport highways. The Russian experience of transport noise mapping is discussed.
Increased level of automobile low-frequency noise may cause significant environmental pollution, driver and passenger discomfort etc. For automobile equipped with internal combustion engine forming of either internal or external noise is mainly caused by engine operation. Approaches to automobile low-frequency noise reduction are suggested using active noise control method. The different variants of principal schemes and constructions of electronic units of forming required vibroacoustic characteristic of active noise control system were developed by the author either for complex noise reduction of experimental unit or for investigation of the separate noise sources reduction. Intercommunication of engine compartment and passenger compartment and coherent low-frequency sound radiation by air-suctioning pipe and exhaust pipe are taking into consideration. Construction of active noise control unit designed by author for complex reduction of exhaust and intake engine low-frequency noise is described. The results described in this paper may be useful for further development and application of constructions of active noise control systems as for efficient complex engine noise reduction or for reduction of the separate automobile engine noise sources.
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