Magnetic Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-chitosan micro- and nanoparticles for wastewater treatment

Şahbaz, Deniz Akın; Yakar, Arzu; Gündüz, Ufuk

doi:10.1080/02726351.2018.1438544

Cited by 31 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Maximum activity recovery of pectinase immobilized on magnetic Fe 3 O 4 -chitosan microparticles has been observed within 12 h of linking with polyaldehyde kefiran. Further increase in the cross-linking time resulted in a gradual decrease in pectinase activity recovery due to excessive cross-linking, which led to the chemical modification of enzyme ( 39 ). Also, prolonged cross-linking time could restrict the enzyme flexibility and disable its activity by blocking the enzyme active sites ( 38 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Biocatalysts of Pectinase: Synthesis by Macromolecular Cross-Linker for Application in Apple Juice Clarification

Nouri

Khodaiyan

2020

Food Technol. Biotechnol. (Online)

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Research background. Pectinase enzyme has become a valuable compound in beverage industry. One of the most significant concepts to overcome the drawbacks of using industrial enzymes is the immobilization of enzymes. In the present study, magnetic chitosan microparticles were utilized as a substrate for pectinase enzyme immobilization. New methods of enzyme immobilization involve the use of non-chemical cross-linkers between the enzyme and the substrate. The aim of this study was to immobilize the pectinase enzyme using polyaldehyde kefiran as a macromolecular crosslinker on magnetic particles. Experimental approach. Pectinase enzyme was immobilized in four steps: relative oxidation of kefiran and its application as a crosslinker; production of magnetic iron (II, III) oxide (Fe3O4) microparticles; coating of magnetic Fe3O4 microparticles with chitosan; and immobilization of enzyme on the substrate, prepared by the use of oxidized kefiran crosslinker. Parameters, such as crosslinking concentration, time, and ratio of chitosan magnetic microparticles to enzyme, were optimized. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) were used to identify the groups and investigate the structures. The biochemical properties (stability of enzyme activity at different pH, temperature and time), enzyme reusability, kinetics parameters (Km and Vmax) and apple juice turbidity, using free and immobilized pectinase enzymes, were also measured. Results and conclusions. Cross-linker concentration, crosslinking time and ratio of CMMP to enzyme were important factors in activity recovery of pectinase enzyme. FTIR analysis correctly identified functional groups in the structures. The results showed that after enzyme stabilization, the particle size and molecular mass increased and decreased the magnetic saturation strength, respectively. According to the thermal kinetic study, the immobilized pectinase was higher than its free form. In the present study, findings indicate the excellent stability and durability of the immobilized pectinase. Findings indicate the excellent stability and durability of the immobilized pectinase in present study. Finally, a magnetic pectinase micro-biocatalyst was used to clarify apple juice, which reduced turbidity of processing. Novelty and scientific contribution. This study investigates the usage of kefiran oxidized as a new cross linker for the immobilization of pectinase enzyme. Magnetic pectinase micro-biocatalyst has a good potential for industrial applications in the food industry, with high thermal stability.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Biocatalysts of Pectinase: Synthesis by Macromolecular Cross-Linker for Application in Apple Juice Clarification

Nouri

Khodaiyan

2020

Food Technol. Biotechnol. (Online)

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“…The amine and hydroxyl functional groups abided in the chitosan enhance the heavy metal and dye removal capacity of the magnetic NPs [10]. The chelating conduct of the chitosan polymer is one of the most promising characteristics which effectively adsorb toxic contaminants such as dyes and heavy metal ions [3]. The CMNPs are highly preferred in the adsorption studies because of their effortless separation from the aqueous solution using an external magnetic field after adsorption.…”

Section: Adsorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To remove and treat the harmful contaminants abided in the wastewater, various advanced techniques such as ultrafiltration, biological treatment, chemical oxidation, chemical precipitation, reverse osmosis, electrochemical treatment, photocatalytic oxidation, bioremediation, and adsorption are implemented in the treatment of industrial effluents [2][3][4]. Even though all these techniques are capable of treating the noxious contaminants, they cannot be used often due to some of its disadvantages such as high cost, type of operation, low efficacy, and high-energy consumption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights of CMNPs in water pollution control

Joshiba¹,

Kumar²,

Carolin³

et al. 2019

IET nanobiotechnol.

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The various toxic contaminants such as dyes, heavy metals, pesticides, rare-earth elements, and hazardous chemicals are the major threats to all the flora and fauna. Owing to the harmful ill effects caused by the toxic contaminants, it is necessary to eliminate these compounds from the authors' ecosystem. The chitosan magnetic nanomaterials (CMNPs) are one of the superior materials used in the wastewater treatment through various conventional technologies. The chitosan is a natural source obtained from the crustacean shells of crabs, prawns etc. The magnetic nanomaterial prepared by the reinforcement of chitosan is highly effective in the removal of heavy metals, dyes, organic matter, and harmful chemicals. It is used in various technologies such as adsorption, flocculation, immobilisation, photocatalytic technology, and bioremediation. This possesses unique surface and magnetic characteristics, Moreover, it is simple, economically feasible, and eco-friendly material used efficiently in wastewater treatment. This review paper depicts the overview of CMNP in the industrial effluent treatment.

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“…Magnetic nanoparticles have high capacity and efficiency to remove, in a nonselective way, different types of pollutants, because of their high surface area and magnetic properties; applying an external magnetic field, the particles can be easily separated from the process media in a short time. The use of adsorbent materials that combine magnetic separation technology with adsorption processes in wastewater disposal presents an appropriate, rapid and cost‐effective method (Sahbaz et al ., 2018). Moreover, the main advantage of this technology is to not leave any contaminants behind.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the main advantage of this technology is to not leave any contaminants behind. In a recent study the role of magnetic Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles (NPs) was demonstrated in the development of a new material used for recyclable systems for treating emulsified oil wastewaters and Sahbaz et al ., 2018 present the utilization of magnetic micro and nanoparticles embedded in polymer chitosan for removal of very toxic pollutants by water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic hydrogel composites based on cross‐linked poly (acrylic acid) used as a recyclable adsorbent system for nitrates

Ispas

Porav

Gligor

et al. 2020

Water & Environment J

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We propose an innovative magnetic separation technique to separate a very important toxic inorganic pollutant (nitrate) from wastewater, using a recyclable magnetic adsorbent system. Our recyclable adsorbent system is a novel magnetic hydrogel composite, based on cross‐linked polyacrylic acid (MNP‐pAAc). The as‐synthesized magnetic hydrogel composite has very well controlled properties related to the thicknesses (each particle is individually covered with a thin layer of cross linked poly acrylic acid shell) which offer a relatively high surface area and a high level of saturation magnetization. The maximum separation efficiency was relatively high, between 80 and 90% while the magnetization value, around 60 emu/g, was considered high for polymeric composite material. This characteristic makes the as‐synthesized material a potential material for future water purification device but which is more important is that the material can be recycled, washed and reused which is not reported in the literature for similar kinds of materials. The recyclability was demonstrated in five subsequent adsorption–desorption cycles and maintenance of adsorption capacity over altogether 5 adsorption/desorption cycles to so high levels represents an important advantage and a novel idea over single‐use materials. Using this kind of recycling material for effective depollution of nitrate by water we offer a new solution to avoid secondary pollution.

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Magnetic Fe₃O₄-chitosan micro- and nanoparticles for wastewater treatment

Cited by 31 publications

References 38 publications

Magnetic Biocatalysts of Pectinase: Synthesis by Macromolecular Cross-Linker for Application in Apple Juice Clarification

Magnetic Biocatalysts of Pectinase: Synthesis by Macromolecular Cross-Linker for Application in Apple Juice Clarification

Insights of CMNPs in water pollution control

Magnetic hydrogel composites based on cross‐linked poly (acrylic acid) used as a recyclable adsorbent system for nitrates

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Magnetic Fe3O4-chitosan micro- and nanoparticles for wastewater treatment

Cited by 31 publications

References 38 publications

Magnetic Biocatalysts of Pectinase: Synthesis by Macromolecular Cross-Linker for Application in Apple Juice Clarification

Magnetic Biocatalysts of Pectinase: Synthesis by Macromolecular Cross-Linker for Application in Apple Juice Clarification

Insights of CMNPs in water pollution control

Magnetic hydrogel composites based on cross‐linked poly (acrylic acid) used as a recyclable adsorbent system for nitrates

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Magnetic Fe₃O₄-chitosan micro- and nanoparticles for wastewater treatment