Magnetic behavior of an array of cobalt nanowires

García, Javier Moreno; Asenjo, A.; Velázquez, Juan J. L.; García, Diosdado Baena; Vázquez, M.; Aranda, Pîlar; Ruiz‐Hitzky, Eduardo

doi:10.1063/1.369868

Cited by 117 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…That mostly leads to an orientation of the magnetization along the nanowires longitudinal axis. In turn, Co nanowires usually show a preferential hexagonal close packed (hcp) crystallographic structure, with the c-axis nearly perpendicular to the nanowire longitudinal axis [15,17,20]. The presence of such a crystal phase originates a noticeable perpendicular magnetocrystalline anisotropy of the same order of magnitude as the shape anisotropy, resulting in a near energy balance, and consequently to a decrease in the effective anisotropy.…”

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confidence: 98%

Magnetization reversal in Co‐base nanowire arrays

Vázquez

Vivas

2011

Physica Status Solidi (b)

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The magnetic behaviour of ordered arrays of magnetic nanowires is controlled by the combined action of anisotropy energy terms determined by geometrical shape, crystalline structure and magnetostriction, as well as by the magnetostatic interactions among them. A number of works have been reported on the role of magnetostatic interaction in arrays of nanowires, sometimes focusing on nanowires with vanishing crystalline and magnetostrictive energy terms. Here, in turn we are interested in Co‐base nanowires whose magnetocrystalline anisotropy plays a very important role. Arrays of Co‐base nanowires offer novel, sometimes unexpected behaviour that is not fully understood. Such results are connected to their magnetocrystalline anisotropy, and to their complex magnetization reversal mode. Arrays of Co and Co‐base nanowires have been fabricated by template‐assisted method, by electroplating into highly ordered self‐assembled pores of nanoporous alumina membranes. Their hcp or fcc crystal structure is confirmed to depend on length of nanowires as well as on the presence of selected elements in the composition. The magnetic behaviour of these arrays has been experimentally investigated as a function of (i) geometry (e.g. diameter and, particularly short length) and (ii) composition (e.g. adding Ni or Pd). A complementary study on its temperature dependence reveals the nature of the dominant anisotropy, while the angular dependence of hysteresis loops (e.g. coercivity and remanence) enables a deeper analysis of the magnetization reversal process. Micromagnetic reversal modes are reviewed and modelling and simulations procedures introduced. Complex rotational mechanisms are concluded to be responsible for the reversal process following micromagnetic modes distinct from those pure classically established. SEM image of an array of Co‐base nanowires.

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confidence: 98%

Magnetization reversal in Co‐base nanowire arrays

Vázquez

Vivas

2011

Physica Status Solidi (b)

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“…However, when intrinsic properties of individual nano-objects have to be extracted from magnetic measurements of their arrays, an important problem related to the stray (demagnetization) field in these nanostructures has to be addressed. Several nu-merical approaches for clusters of superparamagnetic spherical particles [16], ferromagnetic objects of arbitrary shapes [17]or regular arrays of ferromagnetic nanowires [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] are available in the literature, but their applicability to extended arrays is limited to either a relatively small number or limited size of individual nano-objects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The interaction field in arrays of ferromagnetic barcode nanowires

Clime¹,

Zhao²,

Chen³

et al. 2007

Nanotechnology

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The interaction field in arrays of ferromagnetic barcode nanowires Clime, L.; Zhao, S. Y.; Chen, P.; Normandin, F.; Roberge, H.; Veres, T.Contact us / Contactez nous: nparc.cisti@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca. AbstractA theoretical model and an experimental approach to the identification of the interaction field in ferromagnetic barcode nanowires are described and applied to electrodeposited Ni/Au cylindrical barcode arrays. Elementary hysteresis loops of individual magnetic segments in these barcode nanowires are considered as superpositions of fully irreversible and locally reversible magnetization processes, whose distributions of switching fields are experimentally identified by first order reversal curve measurements. Non-interacting major hysteresis loops of the arrays are computed as superpositions of several elementary loops by considering the distributions of switching fields as probability density functions. The interaction field is then computed from the condition that the geometric transformation of the experimental major hysteresis loop into the Preisach operative plane be well approximated by this non-interacting hysteresis loop. Experimental interaction field values are compared with those obtained by numerical micromagnetic computations and a very good agreement is obtained on extended Ni/Au barcode arrays. The simple and accurate phenomenological model for the interaction field in multisegmented ferromagnetic nanowire arrays proposed here provides an insight into the morphology of these magnetic nanomaterials, as quantitative information about individual nano-objects may be extracted from macroscopic measurements of their arrays.

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“…Single metal nanowires of Co [4,[26][27][28][29], Fe [4,[29][30] and Ni [31], and unlayered alloys of CoNi [32] and CoFe [33][34] have been studied, primarily for the preferred perpendicular magnetic anisotropy along the wire length and enhancement in coercivity. Nanowires of multilayers have been investigated for a few systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrodeposition of FeCoNiCu nanowires

2006

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Electrodeposition of FeCoNiCu/Cu nanometric, compositionally modulated alloy nanowires is presented. Pure Cu nanowires and Co-rich FeCoNiCu alloy nanowires were deposited from a single electrolyte. A double potential pulse scheme was used for multilayer deposition and significant anodic dissolution was observed during the low potential pulse. Galvanostatic triple pulses with a relaxation period were developed to minimize the local pH rise inside the nanopores during fabrication of the layered FeCoNiCu/Cu nanowires.

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Magnetic behavior of an array of cobalt nanowires

Cited by 117 publications

References 10 publications

Magnetization reversal in Co‐base nanowire arrays

Magnetization reversal in Co‐base nanowire arrays

The interaction field in arrays of ferromagnetic barcode nanowires

Electrodeposition of FeCoNiCu nanowires

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