Magnesium Metabolism in Insulin Resistance, Metabolic Syndrome, and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Effects of the complex of magnesium and chromium citrates on the carbohydrate metabolism in the blood of rats with experimental diabetes mellitus

“…Magnesium is directly involved in numerous important biochemical reactions, and particularly is a necessary cofactor in over 300 enzymatic reactions and specifically in all processes involved in the utilization and transfer of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Thus, intracellular Mg is a critical cofactor for several enzymes in carbohydrate metabolism and the activated Mg-ATP complex is required for all of the rate-limiting enzymes of glycolysis, also it regulates the activity of all enzymes involved in phosphorylation reactions [1]. In turn, chromium, which was included to the complex compound, is involved in the regulation of the carbohydrate metabolism by intensification insulin effect of concerning glucose conversion [17].…”

Discrimination of patients with diabetes mellitus and healthy subjects based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy of their fingernails

“…There are some evidences of relationships between the above elements and diabetes due to their effects on impaired insulin release, insulin resistance, and glucose intolerance. [35][36][37][38][39][40][41] An increasing amount of evidence shows a clinical relevance for the altered magnesium metabolism present in the states of increased peripheral insulin resistance. Magnesium is one of the most abundant ions present in living cells and its blood plasma concentration is remarkably constant in healthy subjects.…”

“…In fact, in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that insulin may modulate the shift of magnesium from extracellular to intracellular space. 36 Magnesium is a cofactor in the glucose transporting mechanisms of the cell membrane and various enzymes in carbohydrate oxidation. It is also involved at multiple levels in insulin secretion, binding and enhancing the ability of insulin to activate tyrosine kinase.…”

Correction of oxidative stress in rat blood with magnesium citrate upon experimental diabetes

“…Магній є важливим компонентом для активності багатьох ензимів, залучений у гомеостаз глюкози [5], відіграє ключову роль в регулюванні дії інсуліну, інсулін-опосередкованому поглинанні глюкози. Внутрішньоклітинне виснаження Магнію може призвести до порушень активності тирозинової кінази інсулінових рецепторів, і як наслідок розвивається інсулінорезистентність [1]. Тому метою наших досліджень було з'ясувати вплив різних кількостей цитрату магнію на протікання оксидативного стресу у крові щурів за експериментально-індукованого діабету.…”