Magmatic age of rare-earth element and zirconium mineralisation at the Norra Kärr alkaline complex, southern Sweden, determined by U–Pb and Lu–Hf isotope analyses of metasomatic zircon and eudialyte

Sjöqvist, Axel S.L.; Cornell, David H.; Andersen, Tom; Christensson, Ulf I.; Berg, Johan T.

doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2017.09.023

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…The Norra Kärr Complex (ca. 1.5 Ga old [28]) intruded into igneous rocks of the Trans-Scandinavian Magmatic Belt (ca. 1.8-1.7 Ga [29]).…”

Section: Geological Overview Of Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another sample obtained to the east of the intrusion was contaminated by hydrothermal fluids, a so called fenitized rock. A total of 17 samples form Norra Kärr were examined [26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. The Fen Complex, located in the Telemark province of southern Norway, represents an early Cambrian magmatic intrusion complex.…”

Section: Geological Overview Of Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of Rare Earth Elements in Minerals and Soils by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) Using Interval PLS

et al. 2021

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The numerous applications of rare earth elements (REE) has lead to a growing global demand and to the search for new REE deposits. One promising technique for exploration of these deposits is laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). Among a number of advantages of the technique is the possibility to perform on-site measurements without sample preparation. Since the exploration of a deposit is based on the analysis of various geological compartments of the surrounding area, REE-bearing rock and soil samples were analyzed in this work. The field samples are from three European REE deposits in Sweden and Norway. The focus is on the REE cerium, lanthanum, neodymium and yttrium. Two different approaches of data analysis were used for the evaluation. The first approach is univariate regression (UVR). While this approach was successful for the analysis of synthetic REE samples, the quantitative analysis of field samples from different sites was influenced by matrix effects. Principal component analysis (PCA) can be used to determine the origin of the samples from the three deposits. The second approach is based on multivariate regression methods, in particular interval PLS (iPLS) regression. In comparison to UVR, this method is better suited for the determination of REE contents in heterogeneous field samples.

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“…The Norra Kärr Complex (ca. 1.5 Ga old [28]) intruded into igneous rocks of the Trans-Scandinavian Magmatic Belt (ca. 1.8-1.7 Ga [29]).…”

Section: Geological Overview Of Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geological Overview Of Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Rare Earth Elements in Minerals and Soils by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) Using Interval PLS

et al. 2021

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“…1.3), and chemical data. This data has been used by Axel Sjöqvist (Sjöqvist et al 2013, Sjöqvist et al 2017) and Petya Atanasova (Atanasova 2017) whose studies predominately focused on the central ore-domains within the Grennaites. This study will go several steps further than those studies conducted by previous modern authors by assessing the evolution of the whole of Norra Kärr rather than focusing in on the previously examined ore-domains.…”

Section: Discovery and Exploration And Economic Importance Of Norra Kärrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evidence from whole rock geochemistry has shown that Norra Kärr intruded as an already highly fractionated set of magmas (Chapter 5.3.4) that lie at the far end of fractionation on an AFM ternary ~ 296 ~ and on a TAS plot where they lie either side of the phonolite minimum (Chapter 5.3.1). The age of these magmas has been determined by Sjöqvist et al (2017) from U-Pb date from zircon to be 1.49 ± 0.01 Ga, with zircon in the unfenitised Växjö Granite dated at 1.79 ± 0.01 Ga reflecting the intrusion of the TIB-1 granites of the Transscandinavian Igneous Belt. Sjöqvist et al (2017) also reported xenocrysts within the Norra Kärr magmas that show the existence of Svecofennian and TIB crustal material beneath the intrusion and indicate an Archaean component in the basement rocks.…”

Section: Initial Magmatic Emplacementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The age of these magmas has been determined by Sjöqvist et al (2017) from U-Pb date from zircon to be 1.49 ± 0.01 Ga, with zircon in the unfenitised Växjö Granite dated at 1.79 ± 0.01 Ga reflecting the intrusion of the TIB-1 granites of the Transscandinavian Igneous Belt. Sjöqvist et al (2017) also reported xenocrysts within the Norra Kärr magmas that show the existence of Svecofennian and TIB crustal material beneath the intrusion and indicate an Archaean component in the basement rocks.…”

Section: Initial Magmatic Emplacementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The influence of magmatic and volatile evolution upon lanthanoid fractionation within peralkaline magmas (Norra Kärr, Sweden)

Dobrzański¹,

Walcott

Kirstein³

et al. 2019

Applied Earth Science

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The lanthanoid elements, and in particular the heavier lanthanoids, are essential in the manufacture of advanced technologies due to their unique magnetic, spectral and luminescence properties. However, despite advances in the understanding the behaviour of lanthanoids within chemistry, physics and materials science, the behaviour of these elements within geological systems and in particular the processes by which they become concentrated to form economic ore deposits is still poorly understood.The southern Swedish Norra Kärr lanthanoid-deposit represents a significant European lanthanoid resource of 0.19 Mt T-LnO, with the principal ore domains exhibiting ore-grades between 0.48 -0.69 % T-LnO. Despite its economic significance, the formation of the Norra Kärr intrusion and its economic ore bodies is still not fully understood. However, the intrusion represents an ideal locality to study the concentration of lanthanoids within a peralkaline magma due to the presence of an economically important ore resource; a particular bias towards the economically important heavy- [Ln]; and zonation between light and heavy-[Ln] within separate ore domains.Previous work on the intrusion has primarily focused on analysing the main ore-domains at the expense of other lithologies with the data collected used to develop models for the whole intrusion. This study has analysed the petrology, minerology and whole rock geochemical characteristics of all the lithologies of Norra Kärr and placed the intrusion into the wider structural context of deformation within the Baltic shield at the time of emplacement. These new data and interpretations have been used to test the existing models and develop a new model for the emplacement of Norra Kärr; to better contextualise the formation of the ore domains; and to offer a new model for the light-[Ln] vs heavy-[Ln] zonation observed within the ore-body as a whole.This study has demonstrated that Norra Kärr was emplaced in two magmatic phases, possibly as a series of dyke intrusions; with the first phase magmas more enriched in [Ln] than the second phase magmas. The ore domains developed as a series of cryptic units due to fractionation of the Grennaite-portion of the first magmatic phase. The [Ln]-concentrations were shown to initially increase from the Contact Grennaite to the Pegmatite-Host Grennaite, before enriching in the light- [Ln] and depleting in the heavy- [Ln] as observed in the Crenulated Grennaite. The second phase magmas (Pulaskite-type) display a different minerology to the first phase partially due to due to higher aHF and a more reduced magmatic chemistry. These second phase magmas may have been emplaced due to the effects of ongoing shearing of the intrusion, with the Lakarpite developing its complex chemistry and petrology due to interaction with the still warm Pegmatite-Host Grennaite.This study has demonstrated that a progressive increase in [Ln] within a melt is possible due to aegirine crystallisation, and that the observed variation in light-[Ln] vs heavy-[Ln] within th...

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Modification of a rare-earth element deposit by low-temperature partial melting during metamorphic overprinting: Norra Kärr alkaline complex, southern Sweden

et al. 2020

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Magmatic age of rare-earth element and zirconium mineralisation at the Norra Kärr alkaline complex, southern Sweden, determined by U–Pb and Lu–Hf isotope analyses of metasomatic zircon and eudialyte

Cited by 12 publications

References 83 publications

Detection of Rare Earth Elements in Minerals and Soils by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) Using Interval PLS

Detection of Rare Earth Elements in Minerals and Soils by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) Using Interval PLS

The influence of magmatic and volatile evolution upon lanthanoid fractionation within peralkaline magmas (Norra Kärr, Sweden)

Modification of a rare-earth element deposit by low-temperature partial melting during metamorphic overprinting: Norra Kärr alkaline complex, southern Sweden

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