Maggot debridement therapy as primary tool to treat chronic wound of animals

Abstract

Maggot debridement therapy (MDT) is a safe, effective, and controlled method ofhealing of chronic wounds by debridement and disinfection. In this therapy live, sterile maggots of green bottle fly, Lucilia (Phaenicia) sericata are used, as they prefernecrotic tissues over healthy for feeding. Since centuries, MDT is used in humanbeings to treat chronic wounds. Lately, MDT came out as a potent medical aid in animals. In animals, although, this therapy is still limited and clinical studies are few. However, with the increasing antibiotic resistance and chronic wound infections in veterinary medicine, maggot therapy may even become the first line of treatment for some infections. This paper will present a brief discussion of MDT and its role in veterinary medicine that may add one more treatment method to utilize in non-healing wounds of animals and overcome the use of amputation and euthanasia. The objective of this review paper is to assemble relevant literature on maggot therapy to form a theoretical foundation from which further steps toward clinical use of maggot therapy in animals for chronic wounds can be taken.

Proteomics and Lipidomics of Black Soldier Fly (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) and Blow Fly (Diptera: Calliphoridae) Larvae

“…These flies are famous for their success in wound healing throughout history. Today, maggot debridement therapy (MDT) is approved by the FDA (Choudhary et al 2016). It has been shown that besides removal of necrotic tissue and pathogens, maggots help healing by their antimicrobial activity (Andersen et al 2010).…”

Maggot Therapy “Use of Fly Larvae for Treatment of Wounds”- A Review

“…In 2004, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted permission and approved maggots as a medical device to be marketed for wound care (Sherman, 2005;Andersen et al, 2010;Cazander et al, 2010;Choudhary et al, 2016;and Yan et al, 2018) which has been prescribed for patients in more than 200 hospitals in the USA. It was reported that thousands of patients have been treated by this method (Mumcuoglu, 2001) as for e.g., some 20,000 patients throughout the UK have benefited from MT (Brindley.…”

“…2011). Maggots are applied on the wound in two-ways (Choudhary et al, 2016): the free-range dressing (direct contact method) and the biobag dressing (indirect contact method) (Janssen, 2005;Jones and Wall, 2007;Lepage et al 2012 andBrown, 2013).…”

“…In the free-range dressing, maggots are applied directly to the wound for 3 days and allowed to roam freely (Brown, 2013) over the surface seeking out areas of necrotic tissue but due to which, maggots can escape out from the wound site (Choudhary et al, 2016), while in biobag dressing, the maggots are enclosed in a net pouch containing a piece of hydrophilic polyurethane foam, which is placed directly upon the wound surface, so that maggots cannot escape dressing (Jones and Wall, 2007).…”

Oral cavity-derived exosomes as promising tool in chronic wound healing

“…The post-embryonic stages of Phaenicia sericata fly are facultative parasites of birds and mammals, feeding on their living tissues in a process called myiasis. The development of the larvae lasts about 20 days, so the wounds in which flies lay their eggs must heal quickly [33,34]. As it turns out, sounds can also be used to heal wounds.…”