Macrophage activating lipopeptide 2 is effective in mycobacterial lung infection

Tschernig, Thomas; Pabst, Reinhard

doi:10.1016/j.aanat.2020.151605

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…MALP-2 suppressed the growth of Mycobacterium bovis BCG in alveolar macrophages, and MALP-2 treatment reduced macrophage bacterial load on days 3 and 7 after infection while enhancing the release of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10. The results suggested that MALP-2 can effectively reduce bacterial load and activity in pulmonary macrophages and may apply to developing new anti-tuberculosis drugs by modulating the anti-mycobacterial defense mechanism of macrophages ( 56 – 58 ). In summary, MALP-2 upregulates and activates the expression of TLR2/6, thereby enhancing the host’s immune response to foreign pathogens, the host’s defense against and clearance of multiple pathogens in the lung, and ultimately shortening the course of the host’s disease and successfully reducing morbidity and mortality in experimental mice.…”

Section: Immunological Application Of Malp-2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pushing the envelope: Immune mechanism and application landscape of macrophage-activating lipopeptide-2

Liao

Wang

et al. 2023

Front. Immunol.

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Mycoplasma fermentans can cause respiratory diseases, arthritis, genitourinary tract infections, and chronic fatigue syndrome and have been linked to the development of the human immunodeficiency virus. Because mycoplasma lacks a cell wall, its outer membrane lipoproteins are one of the main factors that induce inflammation in the organism and contribute to disease development. Macrophage-activating lipopeptide-2 (MALP-2) modulates the inflammatory response of monocytes/macrophages in a bidirectional fashion, indirectly enhances the cytotoxicity of NK cells, promotes oxidative bursts in neutrophils, upregulates surface markers on lymphocytes, enhances antigen presentation on dendritic cells and induces immune inflammatory responses in sebocytes and mesenchymal cells. MALP-2 is a promising vaccine adjuvant for this application. It also promotes vascular healing and regeneration, accelerates wound and bone healing, suppresses tumors and metastasis, and reduces lung infections and inflammation. MALP-2 has a simple structure, is easy to synthesize, and has promising prospects for clinical application. Therefore, this paper reviews the mechanisms of MALP-2 activation in immune cells, focusing on the application of MALP-2 in animals/humans to provide a basis for the study of pathogenesis in Mycoplasma fermentans and the translation of MALP-2 into clinical applications.

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Section: Immunological Application Of Malp-2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pushing the envelope: Immune mechanism and application landscape of macrophage-activating lipopeptide-2

Liao

Wang

et al. 2023

Front. Immunol.

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“…Macrophage-activating lipopeptide-2 (MALP-2) has been described to exert bene cial effects on organ damage 22,23 . In 2020, Troidl K, Schubert C et al reported that MALP-2 signi cantly improved blood ow recovery 24 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A single injection of ng level of malp2 are sufficient to save 50 percent of lethally irradiated mice

Zhang,

Cheng,

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Accidental radiation exposure causes the acute lethal damage of hematopoietic system and gastrointestinal tract1,2. By establishing an ionizing radiation (IR) induced injury model, we found macrophage-activating lipopeptide-2 (MALP-2) exhibited significant radioprotective effects in mice. MALP-2 improved the survival of irradiated mice, inhibited the radiation-induced gastrointestinal tract damage. Through intestinal organoid experiments, we found that MALP-2 protected the intestinal organoid against IR-induced injury. Next, we identified the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between PBS and MALP-2 groups based on the RNA sequencing result3. And the RNA-seq results showed that MALP-2 increased the levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-12, G-CSF, GM-CSF, TNF-α, CCL-3, PGE-2 and SOD2. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that DEGs were significantly enriched in Toll-like receptor signaling pathway and NF-κB signaling pathway. In line with these observations, the expression level of IL-6 and GM-CSF were increased by using flow cytometry. Moreover, MALP-2 protected WT mice from IR induced death but had no radioprotective effects on the TLR2 KO and IL-6 KO mice, suggesting that the radioprotection of MALP-2 was mediated by activating TLR2/IL-6 axis. In conclusion, our data suggested that the MALP-2 could induce significant radioprotective effects and MALP-2 might be a potential radioprotective agent.

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Macrophage-activating lipoprotein (MALP)-2 impairs the healing of partial tendon injuries in mice

Fritz

Schäfer

Scheuer

et al. 2022

Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger

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Macrophage activating lipopeptide 2 is effective in mycobacterial lung infection

Cited by 4 publications

References 20 publications

Pushing the envelope: Immune mechanism and application landscape of macrophage-activating lipopeptide-2

Pushing the envelope: Immune mechanism and application landscape of macrophage-activating lipopeptide-2

A single injection of ng level of malp2 are sufficient to save 50 percent of lethally irradiated mice

Macrophage-activating lipoprotein (MALP)-2 impairs the healing of partial tendon injuries in mice

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