Macrophage-activating lipoprotein (MALP)-2 impairs the healing of partial tendon injuries in mice

Fritz, Tobias; Schäfer, Julia; Scheuer, Cláudia; Stutz, Janine; Histing, Tina; Pohlemann, Tim; Menger, Michael D.; Laschke, Matthias W.; Klein, Moritz; Orth, Marcel

doi:10.1016/j.aanat.2021.151818

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…MALP-2, a synthetically devised lipopeptide, functions as a ligand and agonist for TLR2 and TLR6 33 . Current literature suggests that derivatives of MALP-2, along with their analogues, show promise in addressing diseases accompanied by chronic in ammation 32,34 . Furthermore, MALP-2 has been documented for its potency in activating immune cells across various sites 32,35 , and kindling in ammatory signaling pathways 28,32 , thus suggesting its viability as a radioprotective agent in irradiated mice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A single injection of ng level of malp2 are sufficient to save 50 percent of lethally irradiated mice

Zhang,

Cheng,

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Accidental radiation exposure causes the acute lethal damage of hematopoietic system and gastrointestinal tract1,2. By establishing an ionizing radiation (IR) induced injury model, we found macrophage-activating lipopeptide-2 (MALP-2) exhibited significant radioprotective effects in mice. MALP-2 improved the survival of irradiated mice, inhibited the radiation-induced gastrointestinal tract damage. Through intestinal organoid experiments, we found that MALP-2 protected the intestinal organoid against IR-induced injury. Next, we identified the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between PBS and MALP-2 groups based on the RNA sequencing result3. And the RNA-seq results showed that MALP-2 increased the levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-12, G-CSF, GM-CSF, TNF-α, CCL-3, PGE-2 and SOD2. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that DEGs were significantly enriched in Toll-like receptor signaling pathway and NF-κB signaling pathway. In line with these observations, the expression level of IL-6 and GM-CSF were increased by using flow cytometry. Moreover, MALP-2 protected WT mice from IR induced death but had no radioprotective effects on the TLR2 KO and IL-6 KO mice, suggesting that the radioprotection of MALP-2 was mediated by activating TLR2/IL-6 axis. In conclusion, our data suggested that the MALP-2 could induce significant radioprotective effects and MALP-2 might be a potential radioprotective agent.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A single injection of ng level of malp2 are sufficient to save 50 percent of lethally irradiated mice

Zhang,

Cheng,

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…Topical application of MALP-2 in mice revealed a decrease in biomechanical stiffness, a significant increase in HO-1 expression in the tendons, and a reduction in cyclin D expression, all of which delayed the healing of the injured tendons. It is likely that MALP-2 stimulated increased intracellular pressure and inhibited cell proliferation in the injured tendon, a naturally dystrophic tissue ( 90 ). Thus, MALP-2 is not applicable in the treatment of tendon injury, and perhaps MALP-2 has unexpected applications in more tissues, which will need to be explored later.…”

Section: Immunological Application Of Malp-2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pushing the envelope: Immune mechanism and application landscape of macrophage-activating lipopeptide-2

Liao

Wang

et al. 2023

Front. Immunol.

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Mycoplasma fermentans can cause respiratory diseases, arthritis, genitourinary tract infections, and chronic fatigue syndrome and have been linked to the development of the human immunodeficiency virus. Because mycoplasma lacks a cell wall, its outer membrane lipoproteins are one of the main factors that induce inflammation in the organism and contribute to disease development. Macrophage-activating lipopeptide-2 (MALP-2) modulates the inflammatory response of monocytes/macrophages in a bidirectional fashion, indirectly enhances the cytotoxicity of NK cells, promotes oxidative bursts in neutrophils, upregulates surface markers on lymphocytes, enhances antigen presentation on dendritic cells and induces immune inflammatory responses in sebocytes and mesenchymal cells. MALP-2 is a promising vaccine adjuvant for this application. It also promotes vascular healing and regeneration, accelerates wound and bone healing, suppresses tumors and metastasis, and reduces lung infections and inflammation. MALP-2 has a simple structure, is easy to synthesize, and has promising prospects for clinical application. Therefore, this paper reviews the mechanisms of MALP-2 activation in immune cells, focusing on the application of MALP-2 in animals/humans to provide a basis for the study of pathogenesis in Mycoplasma fermentans and the translation of MALP-2 into clinical applications.

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“…The Achilles tendon was the focus of 5 out of 8 articles, and partial transection injury was the most commonly studied (13)(14)(15)(16). Other tendons examined in the remaining 3 articles included rotator cuff and flexor digitorum longus (17)(18)(19). In general, most of these studies reported a limited number of parameters (in some cases only a single parameter was reported), and how these parameters were selected was unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CatWalk XT Gait Parameters Associated with Mouse Achilles Tendon Injury and Healing

Crosio,

King,

Huang

2024

Muscle Ligaments and Tendons J

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Macrophage-activating lipoprotein (MALP)-2 impairs the healing of partial tendon injuries in mice

Cited by 3 publications

References 31 publications

A single injection of ng level of malp2 are sufficient to save 50 percent of lethally irradiated mice

A single injection of ng level of malp2 are sufficient to save 50 percent of lethally irradiated mice

Pushing the envelope: Immune mechanism and application landscape of macrophage-activating lipopeptide-2

CatWalk XT Gait Parameters Associated with Mouse Achilles Tendon Injury and Healing

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