Macromol. Rapid Commun. 18/2008

Luxenhofer, Robert; Bezen, Manuela; Jordan, Rainer

doi:10.1002/marc.200890036

Cited by 13 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…a) Mono- and difunctional initiators yield linear homo- or block copolymers and optionally homo as well as heterofunctional telechelics. b) Tri- tetra- and plurifunctional initiators give rise to stars [88] and c) “bow-tie” polymers. [35] d) Macroinitiators yield molecular brushes.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…[15], [87] while higher plurifunctional initiators give tri-, tetra- etc. arm star polymers, [88] , bow-tie multi-arm stars [35] and ultimately, macroinitiators result in comb copolymers or at high grafting densities in molecular brushes (Figure 5). [89], [90] …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This can be realized by (pluri)triflates, [88] nosylates [35] or oxazolinium macroinitiator salts. [89], [90] For example, oligohalides have been used for the preparation of star-like polymers, but as initiation is slow compared to propagation it has to be expected that different arms of a star-polymer differ significantly in their length.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Poly(2‐oxazoline)s as Polymer Therapeutics

Luxenhofer

Han

Schulz

et al. 2012

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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Poly(2-oxazoline)s (POx) are currently discussed as an upcoming platform for biomaterials design and especially for polymer therapeutics. POx meets several requirements needed for the development of next-generation polymer therapeutics such as biocompatibility, high modulation of solubility, variation of size, architecture as well as chemical functionality. Although in the early 1990s first and promising POx-based systems were presented but the field lay dormant for almost two decades. Only very recently, POx based polymer therapeutics came back into the focus of very intensive research. In this review, we give an overview on the chemistry and physicochemical properties of POx and summarize the research of POx-protein conjugates, POx-drug conjugates, POx-based polyplexes and POx micelles for drug delivery.

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Poly(2‐oxazoline)s as Polymer Therapeutics

Luxenhofer

Han

Schulz

et al. 2012

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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420

325

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“…5,6 Molecular brushes based on poly(2-oxazoline)s (POx) got in focus of recent research because of the advantageous properties of POx as a biomaterial. 7,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] After early approaches 31,32 yielding a variety of POx-based comb polymers, [33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46] POx molecular brushes have been synthesized recently by several routes. 7,8 Similar to poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), hydrophilic POx is non-toxic, 9,10 non-immunogenic (low to none complement activation), 10,11 suppresses biofouling, 12,13 POxylated entities display the same "stealth effect" as PEGylated ones, [14][15][16] and hydrophilic as well as amphiphilic POx shows a biodistribution and excretion which is beneficial for medical applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(2-oxazoline) molecular brushes by grafting through of poly(2-oxazoline)methacrylates with aqueous ATRP

Gieseler

Jordan

2015

Polym. Chem.

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Molecular brushes of poly(2-oxazoline)s (POx) are an intriguing class of polymers as they combine a unique architecture with the properties of POx as a biomaterial. Here, the synthesis of several POx macromonomers with methacrylate end groups and consecutive grafting through polymerization by aqueous atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) at room temperature is reported. 1 H-NMR spectroscopy and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) confirmed the synthesis of POx molecular brushes with maximum side chain grafting densities, narrow molar mass distributions (Ð ≤ 1.16) and final molar masses corresponding to the initial macromonomer : initiator ratio. Chain extension experiments show high end group fidelity, formation of block copolymer molecular brushes and kinetic studies revealed a polymerization behavior of oligo(2methyl-2-oxazoline methacrylate) very similar to the frequently used oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate (OEGMA 475 ). Aqueous solutions of POx molecular brushes with poly(2-ethyl-and 2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline) side chains exhibit the typically defined thermoresponsive behavior with a tunable, very narrow and reversible phase transition. P(MeOx 7 -MA) 52 0.118 P(MeOx 7 -MA) 104 0.116 P(MeOx 7 -MA) 202 0.114 P(MeOx 21 -MA) 50 0.146 P(MeOx 21 -MA) 91 0.153 P(EtOx 21 -MA) 50 0.149 P(EtOx 21 -MA) 92 0.156 P(EtOx 21 -MA) 183 0.153 Macromonomer synthesis Macromonomer MeOx 7 -MA: In a glove box, 5.7774 g (35.2 mmol, 1 eq) methyltriflate was dissolved in 45 mL acetonitrile and 14.9237 g (175.4 mmol, 5.0 eq) 2-methyl-2-oxazoline were added slowly at r.t.. The solution was stirred at 90 °C for 20 min. Afterwards the solution was

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“…[22] The size of VLP-polymer constructs can be controlled by changing polymer chain length and attachment density. The ease, versatility, and functional group tolerance of the synthesis of poly(2-oxazoline) materials [23] and their click chemistry attachment to monodisperse VLP scaffolds make this type of system of interest for both materials development and biological application.…”

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confidence: 99%