“…We collect data from OANDA using a 5-minute calendar sampling scheme over a 24-hour trading window that starts at 22:00 UTC (end of the New York session). Due to low liquidity, weekends are removed from the analysis to avoid estimation bias, as is standard in the literature (e.g., Dacorogna et al., 2001 ; Andersen, Bollerslev, Diebold, 2007 , Aloud, Fasli, Tsang, Dupuis, Olsen, 2013 ; Gau and Wu, 2017) .…”