Macrocyclic antifungal metabolites from the Spanish dancer nudibranch Hexabranchus sanguineus and sponges of the genus Halichondria

New anti-actin drugs in the study of the organization and function of the actin cytoskeleton

“…Since these striking staining patterns were not observed following treatment with HALI, it appears that despite a very similar chemical structure, the mode of interaction of these two compounds with actin may be different, and will require further characterization. Interestingly, three other compounds that belong to the same family, kabiramide C (Kernan et al, 1988), mycalolide A, and mycalolide C exert qualitatively similar effects to those of HALI, but differ slightly in their potency. Kabiramide C is the most potent of the four compounds and mycalolide C is the least potent.…”

Chemotaxonomy of Agelas (Porifera: Demospongiae)

“…Moreover, specimens of Halichondria sp. (Kernan et al, 1988), H. okadai (Tachibana et aL, 1981) and H. melanodocia (Uemura et al, 1985) have been found to possess cytotoxic polyethers (e.g. okadaic acid) which are known to be of dinoflagellate origin (Murakami et al, 1982).…”

Chemical and Biological Aspects of Marine Sponges from the Family Mycalidae

“…The nitrile 43 was an active inhibitor of the proliferation of the parasite Leishmania mexicana with an LD 50 value of 12 µg/mL [25]. A library of 22 pyrrole-2-carboxaldehydes including the mycalazals 3-13 (49)(50)(51)(52)(53)(54)(55)(56)(57)(58)(59), the mycalenitriles 1-3 (60)(61)(62), and the known pyrrole-2-carboxaldehydes 16,18,35,36,41,43,63, and 64 were screened against a panel of cell lines (LN-caP, IGROV, SK-BR3, SK-MEL-28, A-549, K-562, PANCI, LOVO, and HeLa cell lines), which resulted in some interesting structure activity observations (see [27] for specific GI 50 values). The authors compared the LN-caP cell line inhibition with the structures of the compounds and found that activity was associated with the presence of a single double bond, activity decreased with three double bonds, and was lost completely with two double bonds or saturated alkyl chains [27].…”

“…[56]), Suberitida (Halichondria sp. [57][58][59]), Chondrosiida (Chondrosia corticata [60]), Poecilosclerida (a number of Mycale sp. ), and order Dictyoceratida (Sarcotragus sp.…”

“…Additionally, trisoxazole macrolides have also been reported from other non-sponge sources such as the egg masses of the nudibranch Hexabranchus sp. [58,[61][62][63]. Trisoxazole macrolides have displayed a range of biological activities, including cytotoxic, proteasome inhibiting, actin-depolymerising, antimalarial, and antifungal activities.…”