Macrocell sensor systems for monitoring of the corrosion risk of the reinforcement in concrete structures

Raupach, Michael; Schießl, P

doi:10.1016/s0963-8695(01)00011-1

Cited by 81 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…This article only considers the general corrosion case for two main reasons: (a) the case study is not exposed to extreme environmental conditions (e.g. freezing and thawing, road de-icing salts, seawater, effects of airborne chlorides), as reported in Raupach and Schiessl (2001), Marsh and Frangopol (2008), Akiyama et al (2010Akiyama et al ( , 2012 and (b) the document is aimed at proposing a guideline on how to update known information when it is available. Note that this updating is neither the same used in the risk-based inspection and maintenance planning event (Straub, 2004) nor the one that works through evidence or inspection, as shown by Madsen, Krenk, and Lind (2006), Frangopol (1999a, 1999b), Estes and Frangopol (2001), Estes and Frangopol (2003), etc.…”

Section: Cracking Moment Capacity Without Epistemic Uncertaintymentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion initiation time updating by epistemic uncertainty as an alternative to schedule the first inspection time of pre-stressed concrete vehicular bridge beams

Escobedo

Delgado-Hernández

Martinez-Martinez

et al. 2013

Structure and Infrastructure Engineering

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As traffic demands grow constantly and some vehicle bridges deteriorate because of corrosion issues, bridge agencies require non-expensive procedures to support decisions about cost-effective maintenance schedules. In this article, a reliability-based formulation is proposed for the prediction of the optimal first inspection time including both the corrosion deterioration and the epistemic uncertainty on the corrosion initiation time. For the identification of the bridge integrity state, where little or no follow-up has been previously developed, the prediction of a damage state implies a great deal of epistemic uncertainty. The impact of this kind of uncertainty on the corrosion initiation time prediction is appraised in order to include the conservative estimations of such a time, according to the bridge revenues/cost ratio of further and more detailed studies. The time-varying bridge reliability is calculated in terms of the bridge corrosion deterioration, which induces a moment capacity reduction of the bridge beams. Epistemic uncertainty is introduced in the corrosion initiation time, and the optimal first inspection time is obtained as a probability distribution. Consequently, a procedure to calculate the first time for inspection on girder bridges has been proposed, based on updating a known distribution after considering the effect of epistemic uncertainty, using a lognormal distributed factor as 'evidence', by means of the Markov chain Monte Carlo technique.

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Section: Cracking Moment Capacity Without Epistemic Uncertaintymentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion initiation time updating by epistemic uncertainty as an alternative to schedule the first inspection time of pre-stressed concrete vehicular bridge beams

Escobedo

Delgado-Hernández

Martinez-Martinez

et al. 2013

Structure and Infrastructure Engineering

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“…For decades, electrochemical techniques have been used as the main approaches in the study of reinforcing steel corrosion [2,3]. There are many commercially developed software programs and instruments for different electrochemical tests.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fe(C)-coated optical fiber sensors for corrosion alarm monitoring

Gao

Zheng

et al. 2015

SPIE Proceedings

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Steel corrosion in concrete leads to severe destructions of the civil engineering structures. The detecting of the early corrosion is especially essential for steel-based structures. This paper summarized a series research works on optical fibre corrosion sensors, based on Fe(C)-coated Fibre Bragg Grating (FBG) and Fe-coated optical fibre polarizer. Three types of optical fibre sensors are presented. Type 1 and type 2, Fe-C coated FBG sensor and Fe coated etched FBG sensor, are both based on Fe(C)-coated FBG. The volume expansion and the RI variation of the coating lead to the FBG central wavelength shift respectively. By monitoring the wavelength shift, the corrosion status is evaluated and monitored. Type 3, Fe-coated optical fibre polarizer, is fabricated by side-polishing a single mode optical fibre and depositing a Fe-film on the polished side-face. The birefringence characteristics of the sensor will be reduced after being corroded, which is used for the corrosion status indicating. The fabrication processes of the three types of sensors are introduced. By investigating the experimental results of corrosion test in NaCl solution, the performance of the sensors are discussed. The experimental results show that the proposed sensors are proved to be sensible of early corrosion.

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“…It can be clearly indicated from the foregoing that there is an utmost need to develop the reliable, easily manufactured and low-cost Ag/AgCl RE for steel in concrete. Such embeddable electrodes should have the following features: 6,19 it should be rugged and maintenance-free, and have desirable micro-reversibility, negligible liquid junction potential, adequate stability and reliability when compared to a standard reference electrode such as SCE. Besides, it should be capable of being embedded under any orientation, and should not lead to undersirable contamination of surrounding concrete.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Characterization of a Solid Embeddable Ag/AgCl Reference Electrode for Corrosion Monitoring in Reinforced Concrete

Jin

Jiang

et al. 2014

Electrochemistry

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In this study, a new solid embeddable Ag/AgCl reference electrode (RE) was electrochemically investigated for corrosion monitoring in reinforced concrete. The electrode was fabricated by applying the cement mortar as the bottom layer, and the polymer gel as electrolyte. Several electrochemical methods were applied. The experiments were carried out in simulated concrete solutions and concrete. Furthermore, an exposure period over 1 year was used to evaluate the stability of the electrodes embedded in concrete. It has been found that the electrode potential was not obviously affected by the chloride concentration, but affected by the pH value of solution. The Ag/AgCl RE had uniformity in concrete environments. The reversibility of Ag/AgCl RE in all solutions is only within +4 mV. Besides, potentiodynamic tests revealed that the Ag/AgCl RE had a high exchange current density, which was advantageous when using Ag/AgCl RE to conduct resistance tests. Galvanostatic application of 0.2 µA/cm 2 caused little variation of potential with time (~30 mV in several days), indicating the presence of a finite polarization resistance. As a result, the new solid Ag/AgCl RE was suitable as a sensor electrode for concrete structures.

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Macrocell sensor systems for monitoring of the corrosion risk of the reinforcement in concrete structures

Cited by 81 publications

References 1 publication

Corrosion initiation time updating by epistemic uncertainty as an alternative to schedule the first inspection time of pre-stressed concrete vehicular bridge beams

Corrosion initiation time updating by epistemic uncertainty as an alternative to schedule the first inspection time of pre-stressed concrete vehicular bridge beams

Fe(C)-coated optical fiber sensors for corrosion alarm monitoring

Electrochemical Characterization of a Solid Embeddable Ag/AgCl Reference Electrode for Corrosion Monitoring in Reinforced Concrete

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