“…In recent years, various evolutionary algorithms have been used to optimize cutting parameters which include using the bio-inspired algorithm such as genetic algorithm (GA) (Kant and Sangwan, 2015), particle swarm optimization (PSO) (Hu et al ., 2014), artificial bee colony (ABC), and simulated annealing (SA) (Shukla and Singh, 2017). However, a remaining drawback of these prior works is that the operating parameters, which include feed rate, cutting speed, and depth of cut, are determined without considering cutting tool state (Chiang et al ., 1995).…”