Machine Learning Prediction of ADHD Severity: Association and Linkage to ADGRL3, DRD4, and SNAP25

Cervantes-Henríquez, Martha L; Acosta-López, Johan E.; Martinez, Ariel F.; Arcos‐Burgos, Mauricio; Puentes-Rozo, Pedro J.; Vélez, Jorge I.

doi:10.1177/10870547211015426

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 114 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…DRD4 and α2AR co-localize in cortical pyramidal neurons to form α 2 A R-D 4 R heteromers which play a pivotal role in catecholaminergic signaling in the brain cortex and are potential targets for ADHD pharmacotherapy ( Casadó-Anguera et al, 2021 ). SNPs in DRD 4 relate to distinct domains of ADHD severity ( Cervantes-Henríquez et al, 2022 ). The 7R allele of the DRD4 gene is more prevalent in sluggish cognitive cases than in ADHD cases ( Bolat et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder updates

Kessi

Duan

Xiong

et al. 2022

Front. Mol. Neurosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundAttention-deficit/hyperactive disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that commonly occurs in children with a prevalence ranging from 3.4 to 7.2%. It profoundly affects academic achievement, well-being, and social interactions. As a result, this disorder is of high cost to both individuals and society. Despite the availability of knowledge regarding the mechanisms of ADHD, the pathogenesis is not clear, hence, the existence of many challenges especially in making correct early diagnosis and provision of accurate management.ObjectivesWe aimed to review the pathogenic pathways of ADHD in children. The major focus was to provide an update on the reported etiologies in humans, animal models, modulators, therapies, mechanisms, epigenetic changes, and the interaction between genetic and environmental factors.MethodsReferences for this review were identified through a systematic search in PubMed by using special keywords for all years until January 2022.ResultsSeveral genes have been reported to associate with ADHD: DRD1, DRD2, DRD4, DAT1, TPH2, HTR1A, HTR1B, SLC6A4, HTR2A, DBH, NET1, ADRA2A, ADRA2C, CHRNA4, CHRNA7, GAD1, GRM1, GRM5, GRM7, GRM8, TARBP1, ADGRL3, FGF1, MAOA, BDNF, SNAP25, STX1A, ATXN7, and SORCS2. Some of these genes have evidence both from human beings and animal models, while others have evidence in either humans or animal models only. Notably, most of these animal models are knockout and do not generate the genetic alteration of the patients. Besides, some of the gene polymorphisms reported differ according to the ethnic groups. The majority of the available animal models are related to the dopaminergic pathway. Epigenetic changes including SUMOylation, methylation, and acetylation have been reported in genes related to the dopaminergic pathway.ConclusionThe dopaminergic pathway remains to be crucial in the pathogenesis of ADHD. It can be affected by environmental factors and other pathways. Nevertheless, it is still unclear how environmental factors relate to all neurotransmitter pathways; thus, more studies are needed. Although several genes have been related to ADHD, there are few animal model studies on the majority of the genes, and they do not generate the genetic alteration of the patients. More animal models and epigenetic studies are required.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder updates

Kessi

Duan

Xiong

et al. 2022

Front. Mol. Neurosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The decreased expression of BDNF can cause significant changes in DA neuron synapse morphology and dysfunction, leading to a decrease in DA content in the brain. This impact may be related to the low activation of the BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway, which inhibits the function of the SNARE complex and affects presynaptic membrane DA vesicle circulation and transmitter release [ 57 , 58 ]. The phospholipase C γ was recruited and activated by phosphorylation of Tyr816 residue for promoting neuronal survival and implicating neurite outgrowth and synaptic plasticity [ 59 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Shen Ding Zhi Ling Ameliorates the Symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder via Modulating Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor-Related Signaling Pathways

Huang

Song

et al. 2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood neurodevelopmental disorder. It may impact the cognitive and social functions throughout childhood and determine adult outcomes. Dopamine (DA) deficiency theory is the pathogenesis of ADHD that is recognized by most international literature. Existing studies have shown that DA deficiency is caused by the abnormal function of the DA transporter and an imbalance in the DA receptor functionality. Recent clinical and experimental studies have found that the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) signaling pathway acts a pivotal part in DA vesicle circulation and ADHD pathogenesis. An Shen Ding Zhi Ling (ASDZL) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription, which was widely prescribed to treat ADHD in Jiangsu, China, but its therapeutic mechanism is unclear. Therefore, we constructed a spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) model to explain its mechanism. SHRs were randomly assigned to four groups: SHR model group (vehicle), methylphenidate hydrochloride group (MPH), ASDZL group, and 7,8-dihydroxyflavone group (7,8-DHF). At the same time, the above groups were given continuous medication for four weeks. The results show that ASDZL, MPH, and 7,8-DHF group could significantly improve the spatial memory of SHRs in the Morris water maze tests. ASDZL increased the levels of BDNF, TrkB, p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75), C-Jun N-terminal kinases 1 (JNK1), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus synaptosome of SHRs. The results of this study suggest that ASDZL can relieve the symptoms of ADHD in SHRs by regulating the balance between the BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway (promoting vesicle circulation) and the BDNF/P75/JNK1/NF-κB signaling pathway (inhibiting vesicle circulation) within the PFC and hippocampus synaptosome to increase the DA concentration in the synaptic cleft. The BDNF/TrkB signal pathway within the PFC and hippocampus synaptosome was activated by 7,8-DHF to increase DA concentration in the synaptic cleft. Whether 7,8-DHF can activate or inhibit the BDNF/P75 signaling pathway remains unclear.

show abstract

“…Currently, our research group studies the differential expression of ncRNA in subjects with Alzheimer's disease compared to healthy subjects. We also plan to study the exosomal load in patients with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder [359][360][361][362][363][364] and HIV and Huntington's disease [365,366]. Funding: This study was financed by MINCIENCIAS, project "Nuevos ARN no codificantes exosomales y su papel en la patogénesis de la Enfermedad de Alzheimer", code 121584468097, grant 844/2019, contract 416-2020, awarded to Grupo en Genética y Medicina Molecular and Grupo de Productividad y Competitividad, Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomes: Potential Disease Biomarkers and New Therapeutic Targets

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles released by cells, both constitutively and after cell activation, and are present in different types of biological fluid. Exosomes are involved in the pathogenesis of diseases, such as cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, pregnancy disorders and cardiovascular diseases, and have emerged as potential non-invasive biomarkers for the detection, prognosis and therapeutics of a myriad of diseases. In this review, we describe recent advances related to the regulatory mechanisms of exosome biogenesis, release and molecular composition, as well as their role in health and disease, and their potential use as disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of their main isolation methods, characterization and cargo analysis, as well as the experimental methods used for exosome-mediated drug delivery, are discussed. Finally, we present potential perspectives for the use of exosomes in future clinical practice.

show abstract

Machine Learning Prediction of ADHD Severity: Association and Linkage to ADGRL3, DRD4, and SNAP25

Cited by 14 publications

References 114 publications

Attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder updates

Attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder updates

An Shen Ding Zhi Ling Ameliorates the Symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder via Modulating Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor-Related Signaling Pathways

Exosomes: Potential Disease Biomarkers and New Therapeutic Targets

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About