Lysergic Acid Diethylamide and Related Substances

Rothlin, E

doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1957.tb40756.x

Cited by 81 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…LSD acutely decreased PPI of the acoustic startle response, consistent with preclinical data and the Schmid et 15 sensorimotor deficits seen in schizophrenia. The present experimental human study may serve as an interface for the translation of preclinical research with hallucinogens to clinical research findings in patients with schizophrenia and vice versa.…”

Section: Autonomic and Endocrine Effectssupporting

confidence: 71%

“…Despite LSD's widespread recreational use, no scientific pharmacological studies have been conducted with LSD in the last 40 years. After the initial psychiatric investigation by Stoll (14), several case reports and studies in the 1950s and 1960s described aspects of the psychological effects of LSD (5,(15)(16)(17). However, these studies were not performed according to today's research standards and did not include control conditions or the systematic characterization of psychotropic effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute Effects of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide in Healthy Subjects

Schmid¹,

Enzler²,

Gasser

et al. 2015

Biological Psychiatry

352

439

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Section: Autonomic and Endocrine Effectssupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Effects of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide in Healthy Subjects

Schmid¹,

Enzler²,

Gasser

et al. 2015

Biological Psychiatry

352

439

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“…The 5-hydroxytryptamine-like activity of some of these compounds has been emphasized (Shaw & Woolley, 1956), and, since the structureactivity relationships of tryptamine derivatives vary from tissue to tissue (see Erspamer, 1952;Barlow & Khan, 1959a, 1959b, 1959cVane, 1959;Greenberg, 1960;Hill & Usherwood, 1961), it is important that the site of the actual receptor involved should be specified when discussing these relationships (see Woolley, 1959;Gyermek, 1961). The failure of 2-bromo-( + )-lysergic acid diethylamide to reproduce the psychic manifestations which follow the administration of lysergic acid diethylamide (Cerletti & Rothlin, 1955), in spite of the observation that both-compounds effectively block the action of 5-hydroxytryptamine upon smooth muscle, was considered to be convincing evidence that the symptoms were not directly associated with a blocking of a central action of 5-hydroxytryptamine (see Gaddum & Vogt, 1956;Rothlin, 1957 ;Vogt, 1958). Other actions of 5-hydroxytryptamine analogues were envisaged (see Woolley, 1958), but these were still concerned with a possible role of 5-hydroxytryptamine as a neurohumoral agent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacological Studies Upon Neurones of the Lateral Geniculate Nucleus of the Cat

Curtis

Davis

1962

British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy

117

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Indoles related to 5-hydroxytryptamine, lysergic acid derivatives, phenethylamine derivatives and some other compounds have been applied electrophoretically to the neurones of the lateral geniculate nucleus of the cat anaesthetized with pentobarbitone sodium. Many of these compounds, particularly 4-, 5-and 7-hydroxytryptamine and ergometrine, depress the orthodromic excitation of the neurones by volleys in optic nerve fibres, but do not affect antidromic excitation by volleys in the optic radiation or chemical excitation by L-glutamic acid. It is concluded that the active depressants either block the access of the excitatory transmitter to subsynaptic receptors or prevent the release of the transmitter from optic nerve terminals. The structure-activity relationships of the depressant substances are discussed.Of recent years considerable interest has been maintained in a series of chemical compounds which have been classified as psychotomimetics since their administration produces clinical syndromes bearing some similarity to naturally occurring psychoses. These substances can be divided into two major groups. One contains an indole nucleus and includes substances such as (+)-lysergic acid diethylamide, certain of the ergot alkaloids, bufotenine, psilocybin and harmine. Members of the other group are related to the catechol amines and include adrenochrome and mescaline. Both groups of substances are of importance since it is possible that their effects are associated with the presence of structurally related compounds as chemical synaptic transmitters within the nervous system. Thus the indolylalkylamine 5-hydroxytryptamine and the catechol amines adrenaline noradrenaline and 3-hydroxytryptamine have been considered as transmitters although definite evidence is lacking (

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“…One of these compounds is 2-bromo-lysergic acid diethylamide; this has 1.5 times the antiserotonin activity of lysergic acid diethylamide, and through this property, its presence in the brain, after systemic administration, can be demonstrated, but in doses more than 15 times as great it produces none of the mental effects of lysergic acid diethylamide (46). A recent report that, at least in one preparation, lysergic acid diethylamide in low concentration behaves like serotonin and does iiot antagonize it (47) seems to reconcile some of the empirical inconsistencies in the field, although it is quite at odds with the original hypotheses based on the antagonistic action of lysergic acid diethylamide.…”

Section: Serotoninmentioning

confidence: 97%

Biochemical Theories of Schizophrenia

Kety

1959

Science

150

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plus 15 million persons more.For me, these are sobering if not staggering figures. When against this backdrop one reviews the problem, implications that I have tried to outline as well as others, both economic and noneconomic in character, that might be added, and considers how ill prepared we in this predominantly urban nation are to deal with them intelligently and in time, he may be pardoned if he concludes that this country has a few things to worry about besides the Sputniks. The metropolitan outlook is grave, in my opinion, not because its problems are impregnable, but because our poor preparation for dealing with them is found on so many fronts-in basic understanding of the problems themselves, in governmental and private institutional means for deciding on policies and pressing forward with them, and in public appreciation of the scale and seriousness of the issues.In the lifetimes of most of us, not only the face but also the physique of urban America is going to be changed -radically changed. In my opinion we simply cannot afford to muddle along as we are now doing-building a parking garage here or there, transferring a bankrupt transit company to public ownership, tearing down a few blocks of old houses, hiring another junior planner or two when we can find them, nursing our petty, parochial prejudices, whether in central city or suburb, trying to decide if we should not raise the dog license fee a dollar to keep our local government out of the clutches of that evil foreign octopus that is headquartered in Washington, and tentatively suggesting that maybe it is about time to begin to think about setting up a metropolitan planning body or a special authority responsible for both water supply and sewage disposal. If we continue in this vein, well before 1975 we will have lost one of the finest opportunities any generation of Americans ever had: the opportunity to make our rapidly growing urban localities into things of economy, beauty, and livability, appropriate settings for metropolitan communities that we and our children can live in and take part in with pride.In part I of this article [Science, 129, 1528 (1959) ], an attempt wasmade to discuss the possible sources of error peculiar to biological research in schizophrenia, including the possible heterogeneity of that symptom complex and the presence of certain biological features-such as adventitious disease, nutritional deficiencies, disturbances associated with abnormal motor or emotional states, and changes brought about by treatment, all of which may be said to result from the disease or from its current management rather than to Ibe factors in its genesis. The difficulty of avoiding subjective bias was emphasized. Some of the hypotheses relating to oxygen, carbohydrate, and energy metabolism, to amino acid metabolism, and to epinephrine were presented, and the existing evidence relevant to them was discussed. Among the recent or current concepts there remain to be discussed those concerned with ceruloplasmin, with serotonin, and with the general...

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Lysergic Acid Diethylamide and Related Substances

Cited by 81 publications

References 11 publications

Acute Effects of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide in Healthy Subjects

Acute Effects of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide in Healthy Subjects

Pharmacological Studies Upon Neurones of the Lateral Geniculate Nucleus of the Cat

Biochemical Theories of Schizophrenia

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