Lymphovascular invasion as a prognostic tool for oral squamous cell carcinoma: a comprehensive review

Mascitti, Marco; Togni, Lucrezia; Caponio, Vito Carlo Alberto; Zhurakivska, Khrystyna; Bizzoca, Maria Eleonora; Contaldo, María; Serpico, Rosario; Muzio, Lorenzo Lo; Santarelli, Andrea

doi:10.1016/j.ijom.2021.03.007

Cited by 36 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…The role of LVI as a prognostic marker remains controversial 28 . LVI is observed in 4.9%-36.9% of OSCC cases, although conflicting results exist as to whether it significantly affects survival 29 - 32 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, PNI can be considered a factor that significantly affects survival in advanced stage OSCC. The role of LVI as a prognostic marker remains controversial 28 . LVI is observed in 4.9%-36.9% of OSCC cases, although conflicting results exist as to whether it significantly affects survival [29][30][31][32] .…”

Section: Yong-seok Choi Et Al: Analysis Of Prognostic Factors Through...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of prognostic factors through survival rate analysis of oral squamous cell carcinoma patients treated at the National Cancer Center: 20 years of experience

Choi

Kim

Lee

et al. 2022

JKAOMS

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Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the clinicopathological prognostic factors affecting the survival of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on patients with OSCC who received treatment at the Oral Oncology Clinic of the National Cancer Center (NCC) from June 2001 to December 2020. The patients' sex, age, primary site, T stage, node metastasis, TNM staging, perineural invasion (PNI), lymphovascular invasion (LVI), differentiation, surgical resection margin, smoking, and drinking habits were investigated to analyze risk factors. For the univariate analysis, a Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and log-rank test were used. Additionally, for the multivariable analysis, a Cox proportional hazard model analysis was used. For both analyses, statistical significance was considered when P<0.05. Results: During the investigation period, 407 patients were received surgical treatment at the NCC. Their overall survival rate (OS) for five years was 70.7%, and the disease-free survival rate (DFS) was 60.6%. The multivariable analysis revealed that node metastasis, PNI, and differentiation were significantly associated with poor OS. For DFS, PNI and differentiation were associated with poor survival rates. Conclusion:In patients with OSCC, cervical node metastasis, PNI, and differentiation should be considered important prognostic factors for postoperative survival.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Yong-seok Choi Et Al: Analysis Of Prognostic Factors Through...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of prognostic factors through survival rate analysis of oral squamous cell carcinoma patients treated at the National Cancer Center: 20 years of experience

Choi

Kim

Lee

et al. 2022

JKAOMS

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“…However, its relationship with the risk of recurrence and lymph node metastasis remains relatively unexplored. Studies have shown that LVI leads to a negative prognosis since it may be associated with metastasis ( 17 ). The presence of LVI indicates that a significant number of tumor cells enter the vascular compartment, which makes this feature one of the first steps for the potential development of metastasis ( 18 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is immunohistochemistry more sensitive than hematoxylin-eosin staining for identifying perineural or lymphovascular invasion in oral squamous cell carcinoma? A systematic review and meta-analysis

Alves¹,

Paula²,

Lima³

et al. 2022

Med Oral

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Background This study aimed to analyze whether immunohistochemistry (IHC) is more sensitive than hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining for identifying perineural invasion (PNI) or lymphovascular invasion (LVI) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Material and Methods In this systematic review and meta-analysis (Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews – CRD 42021256515), data were obtained from six databases (PubMed, Scopus, LILACS, Web of Science, EBSCO, LIVIVO, Embase) and the grey literature. Cross-sectional observational studies of the diagnostic sensitivity of IHC for PNI and LVI were included. Studies were selected in two phases: first collection and reference retrieval. The Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 tool assessed study quality, while the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach assessed evidence quality. The meta-analysis (random effects model) was performed using MedCalc 18.2.1 software (MedCalc®) ( p <0.05). Results Four studies (560 patients with 295 biopsies) were analyzed. The combined sensitivity was 76% (95% confidence interval [CI], 44.30–97.19%) and specificity was 42% (95% CI, 23.40–62.02%). The positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were 61% (95% CI, 49.78–71.53%) and 70% (95% CI, 37.63–94.43%). The overall accuracy was 58% (95% CI, 45.17–70.65%). The risk of bias was low, and GRADE analysis showed a very low certainty of evidence. Conclusions Our data suggest that IHC staining to highlight PNI/LVI may be useful in cases in which H&E analysis results in a negative decrease in the prevalence of false-negative cases and underestimated treatment. Key words: Mouth neoplasms, neoplasm invasiveness, blood vessels, peripheral nerves.

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“…OSCC is the most frequent head and neck malignancy, with about 400.000 new cases diagnosed annually worldwide, accounting for over 90% of all oral cavity cancers [ 12 , 13 ]. The mortality rate is still high and has been stable for over two decades.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Emerging Impact of Tumor Budding in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Main Issues and Clinical Relevance of a New Prognostic Marker

Togni

Caponio

Zerman

et al. 2022

Cancers

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Tumor Budding (TB) represents a single cancer cell or a small cluster of less than five cancer cells on the infiltrative tumor front. Accumulating evidence suggests TB is an independent prognostic factor in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). However, its exact role is not yet elucidated, and a standardized scoring system is still necessary. The study aims to extensively review the literature data regarding the prognostic role of TB in OSCC. The results of TB are an independent prognostic factor of poor survival outcomes in OSCC. To date, the manual detection of hematoxylin and eosin-staining or pancytokeratin-immunostaining sections are the most commonly used methods. Between the several cut-offs, the two-tier system with five buds/field cut-offs provides better risk stratification. The prognostic role of the BD model in predicting survival outcomes was extensively validated; however, the inclusion of DOI, which is already a staging parameter, encouraged other authors to propose other models, integrating TB count with other adverse risk factors, such as the tumor–stroma ratio and tumor-infiltrated lymphocytes. The prognostic relevance of TB in OSCC highlights its evaluation in daily pathological practice. Therefore, the TB detection method and the TB scoring system should be validated based on tumor stage and site.

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Lymphovascular invasion as a prognostic tool for oral squamous cell carcinoma: a comprehensive review

Cited by 36 publications

References 62 publications

Analysis of prognostic factors through survival rate analysis of oral squamous cell carcinoma patients treated at the National Cancer Center: 20 years of experience

Analysis of prognostic factors through survival rate analysis of oral squamous cell carcinoma patients treated at the National Cancer Center: 20 years of experience

Is immunohistochemistry more sensitive than hematoxylin-eosin staining for identifying perineural or lymphovascular invasion in oral squamous cell carcinoma? A systematic review and meta-analysis

The Emerging Impact of Tumor Budding in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Main Issues and Clinical Relevance of a New Prognostic Marker

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