Lymphomas in dogs a morphologic, immunologic, and clinical study

Abstract

One hundred seventy-six canine lymphomas were classified morphologically using four of the major human lymphoma classification schemes (Rappaport, Lukes-Collins, Kiel, and the Working Formulation). All 176 dogs received the same chemotherapeutic protocol. Sixty-two of these lymphomas had their immunophenotypes established by examination of cell surface markers by automated cytofluorography. Several different morphologic types of canine lymphoma were identified and these were comparable to morphologic categories in human classification schemes. Follicular and low grade lymphomas were rare. The two most common morphologic types were diffuse large cell (centroblastic) and immunoblastic. The Kiel classification appeared to be the most useful human scheme for classifying the canine lymphomas. Cytofluorographic analysis was generally straightforward, and 60 of the 62 lymphomas were placed into one of three immunophenotypic categories: 27 pan-T(LQ1)+SIg+, 21 pan-T(LQ1)-SIg+, and 12 pan-T(LQ1)+SIg-. Two of the lymphomas could not be characterized immunologically because a pre-existing or reactive non-neoplastic population of lymphocytes made interpretation of single cell suspension analysis difficult. The authors identified correlations between morphology and survival and disease-free remission; dogs with high-grade tumors generally survived the longest and had the longest remissions. No correlations were identified between high concentrations of serum lactate dehydrogenase, age, sex, or stage of disease, and morphology, immunophenotype, remission, or survival times. A significant correlation between clinical illness and survival time was documented. The median age of the dogs was nine years, no significant effect of sex on prevalence was observed, and some breeds were significantly overrepresented. Significant morphologic-immunophenotypic correlations included shorter remission and survival times for T-cell tumors than B-cell tumors, and a highly significant correlation between the pan-T(LQ1)+SIg-"T cell" phenotype and hypercalcemia.

Autologous Peripheral Blood Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation in Dogs with T‐Cell Lymphoma

“…Two factors that are consistently identified as having negative prognostic importance in dogs with lymphoma are immunophenotype and WHO substage 25, 26. Therefore, dogs with a T‐cell immunophenotype and substage b disease tend to have substantially shorter remission and survival durations.…”

Classificação citológica dos linfomas caninos

“…No presente estudo, não houve necessidade deste tipo de procedimento, já que a celularidade do esfregaço foi sempre muito alta 11 . Vários autores utilizam as classificações propostas para os linfomas não-Hodgkin do homem para diagnosticar os linfomas dos cães 4,6,7,17,18,25,28 . No entanto, na maioria dos estudos foi utilizado material incluído em parafina, sendo ainda poucos os trabalhos que empregam o exame citopatológico para este fim 9,17,18,23,25,28 3,7,9,18,25,31 .…”

“…A literatura consultada indica diferença significativa na frequência dos tipos citológicos entre os diferentes autores que utilizaram esta classificação, tanto em exames citológicos como nos histológicos. O Linfoma de Grandes Células não-Clivadas é apontado como o mais frequente 7,17,18,32 . No entanto, para alguns autores, a prevalência maior foi para os Linfomas Imunoblásticos com 37,5% e 24,9% 6,28 .…”

“…Nesta espécie, sua incidência é de seis a trinta casos em cada 100.000 cães/ano, sendo maior que na espécie humana 6,7,8 . Ocorrem mais frequentemente em animais com idade entre 5 e 11 anos 9,10,11 , não havendo predileção por sexo 5,11 .…”

Mutations of the p53 gene in canine lymphoma and evidence for germ line p53 mutations in the dog

“…Lymphoma represents 6% of canine malignant cancers (MacVean et al, 1978). It is clinically and morphologically similar to human non Hodgkin's lymphoma and may represent an attractive clinical model for investigations of cancer treatment and prevention (Carter et al, 1986;Greenlee et al, 1990).…”