Lymphoma with multi-gene rearrangement on the level of immunoglobulin heavy chain, light chain, and T-cell receptor β chain

Design and standardization of PCR primers and protocols for detection of clonal immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor gene recombinations in suspect lymphoproliferations: Report of the BIOMED-2 Concerted Action BMH4-CT98-3936

“…Crosslineage TCR gene rearrangements occur relatively frequently in immature B-cell malignancies, particularly in precursor B-ALL (490% of cases), 30 but also acute myeloid leukemias (AMLs) and mature B-cell malignancies might contain TCR gene rearrangements. [31][32][33] Crosslineage Ig gene rearrangements, mainly involving the IGH locus, also occur in T-cell malignancies and AML, albeit at a lower frequency. 33,34 Virtually all (498%) TCRab þ T-cell malignancies have TCRG gene rearrangements (generally biallelic) and many TCRgd þ Tcell malignancies have TCRB gene rearrangements, implying that the detection of TCRB or TCRG rearrangements is not indicative of T cells of the ab or gd T-cell lineage, respectively, either.…”

Molecular Testing of Lymphoproliferative Disorders: Current Status and Perspectives

“…Crosslineage Ig/TCR gene rearrangements occur relatively frequently in immature T- or B-cell malignancies (i.e., acute lymphoblastic lymphomas), and even in acute myeloid leukemias [21-24]. Virtually all αβT cell lymphomas have TCRG gene rearrangements and many αβT cell lymphomas have TCRB gene rearrangements, implying that the detection of TCRB or TCRG rearrangements is not indicative of T cells of the αβ or γδβ T-cell lineage, respectively, either [5,8,21,25,26].…”

“…Virtually all αβT cell lymphomas have TCRG gene rearrangements and many αβT cell lymphomas have TCRB gene rearrangements, implying that the detection of TCRB or TCRG rearrangements is not indicative of T cells of the αβ or γδβ T-cell lineage, respectively, either [5,8,21,25,26]. Mature B- and T-cell lymphomas might rarely contain TCR and Ig gene rearrangements, respectively [21,24]. Particularly, angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphomas (AITL) frequently exhibit Ig gene rearrangements up to 20%–30% of cases [17].…”

ACVIMconsensus statement guidelines on diagnosing and distinguishing low‐grade neoplastic from inflammatory lymphocytic chronic enteropathies in cats

“…Clonality assays occasionally are used as a determinant for the cellular phenotype (i.e., whether a population of cells is of T‐cell or B‐cell lineage). However, cross‐linage rearrangements, where T‐cells rearrange B‐cell receptor genes and vice versa, have been reported in lymphomas of humans, 6 , 7 , 8 dogs, 186 and cats. 11 One study showed 8 of 92 cases of LGITLs in cats to have clonal rearrangement of that of B‐cells whereas IHC determined these populations to in fact be of T‐cell lineage.…”

“… 2 , 3 Lymphoproliferative disorders (LPDs) are characterized by an uncontrolled proliferation of lymphocytes and can be differentiated into lymphomas, leukemias, and monoclonal gammopathies. 2 , 4 , 5 Although LPDs including intestinal low‐grade lymphomas in cats are characterized by monoclonal or oligoclonal rearrangements of the lymphocyte receptors, clonality is not equivalent with malignancy and clonality has been well described in reactive lesions in humans 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 and companion animals. 11 In fact, the capacity for clonal expansion upon antigen‐recognition is a hallmark of both B‐lymphocytes and T‐lymphocytes.…”