A patient with long-standing filarial chyluria developed severe lymphocytopenia, extensive mucosal candidiasis and disseminated cryptococcosis when given small doses of prednisolone and azathioprine, for the treatment of a co-existing chronic active hepatitis. This report suggests that patients with chyluria are particularly susceptible to the complications of immunosuppressive therapy. This susceptibility is probably due to the immunological abnormalities associated with chyluria.