Lymphangiosarcoma of the hip arising in a congenital non‐irradiated lymphangioma

Rare Case of Cystic Lymphangioma Transforming Into Lymphangiosarcoma: A Case Report

“…Cook MR et al (19) reported a dog that underwent amputation after the diagnosis of LAS on the left elbow was confirmed and doxorubicin chemotherapy was administered, but the tumor still recurred at the amputation site 7 months later. A 31-year-old female patient with LAS of the right hip was treated with docetaxel, and although the lymphatic leakage had initially improved, the tumor did not shrink and the patient eventually died of complications a year and a half later (3). In this case, the targeted therapy with apatinib had a certain curative effect at the initial stage, but the long-term effect is still uncertain.…”

“…LAS is a rare invasive tumor arising from lymphatic endothelial cells, with a high degree of malignancy and poor outcomes. Its survival rate is only 15 to 30 months (16), almost all of which are secondary to chronic lymphedema caused by various causes (mainly after surgery or radiotherapy) (2,3). Typical LAS cases occur in patients with chronic lymphedema following breast cancer, with the skin of the head and neck being the most common site of origin (2).…”

“…The common clinical type of LA is cystic lymphangioma (CL) (1), and surgical resection is its main treatment. Lymphangiosarcoma (LAS) is a rare malignant tumor that is almost always secondary to chronic edema caused by various causes (mainly after surgery or radiotherapy) (2,3). Imaging is the main means of examination before surgery (4) and shows multilocular cystic lesions with uniform signal/density, smooth cyst wall, and thin septum (5,6), whereas LAS shows soft tissue components in the cyst (3).…”

“…Lymphangiosarcoma (LAS) is a rare malignant tumor that is almost always secondary to chronic edema caused by various causes (mainly after surgery or radiotherapy) (2,3). Imaging is the main means of examination before surgery (4) and shows multilocular cystic lesions with uniform signal/density, smooth cyst wall, and thin septum (5,6), whereas LAS shows soft tissue components in the cyst (3). The proliferation of endothelial cells and nuclear atypia and division are observed under a microscope, and positive expression of lymphatic endothelial cells (D2-40) by immunohistochemistry is observed (7).…”