Lyme disease on the NSW south coast

McCrossin, Ian

doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1986.tb113715.x

Cited by 26 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The present study addresses recent evidence for emerging Borrelia, Babesia, Bartonella, Anaplasma , and Ehrlichia infections in Australia. The study confirms previously published work on the existence of human Borrelia infection in Australia 2,3. There are no further publications on human Lyme disease (LD) in the interval using a search on PubMed on October 3, 2011 for the MeSH headings of humans, Borrelia, and Australia.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 89%

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Emerging incidence of Lyme borreliosis, babesiosis, bartonellosis, and granulocytic ehrlichiosis in Australia

Mayne¹

2011

IJGM

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Published reports of both EM and locally acquired and proven human Borrelia burgdorferi infection in Australia are limited 2,3. At the time of the McCrossin study2 in 1986 only serological diagnostic tests were available.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging incidence of Lyme borreliosis, babesiosis, bartonellosis, and granulocytic ehrlichiosis in Australia

Mayne¹

2011

IJGM

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“…Diagnosed with mild meningoencephalitis.ECG-documented supraventricular tachycardia without evidence of atrioventricular block.Negative arbovirus serology (RRV, Sindbis virus, Australian encephalitis virus)NP/NP[82]Guerilla Bay near Moruya, NSWNDInsect bite followed by EM. Weeks after treatment, EM recurred.Biopsy showed superficial and deep perivascular infiltrate of lymphocytes.NP/NP[81]North Bendalong (between Nowra and Ulladulla), NSWNDOne month EM, lassitude, polyarthralgia, headaches.Biopsy showed dense perivascular infiltrate of lymphocytes in full thickness of the dermis, some with eosinophils.NP/NP[81]Gorokan, NSWND3 weeks of increasing lethargy, malaise, intermittent fevers, multiple EM, severe occipital headache, sore throat.Biopsy showed mixed acute and chronic infiltration in superficial dermis. No spirochaetes on silver staining.ESR and C1q binding assay elevated.…”

Section: Lyme-like Case Reported In Australiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Is there a Lyme-like disease in Australia? Summary of the findings to date

2016

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Lyme Borreliosis is a common tick-borne disease of the northern hemisphere caused by the spirochaetes of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (B. burgdorferi s. l.) complex. It results in multi-organ disease with arthritic, cardiac, neurological and dermatological manifestations. In the last twenty-five years there have been over 500 reports of an Australian Lyme-like syndrome in the scientific literature. However, the diagnoses of Lyme Borreliosis made in these cases have been primarily by clinical presentation and laboratory results of tentative reliability and the true cause of these illnesses remains unknown. A number of animals have been introduced to Australia that may act as B. burgdorferi s. l. reservoirs in Lyme-endemic countries, and there are some Australian Ixodes spp. and Haemaphysalis spp. ticks whose geographical distribution matches that of the Australian Lyme-like cases. Four published studies have searched for Borrelia in Australian ticks, with contradicting results. The cause of the potential Lyme-like disease in Australia remains to be defined. The evidence to date as to whether these illnesses are caused by a Borrelia species, another tick borne pathogen or are due to a novel or unrelated aetiology is summarised in this review.

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“…LB cases in the southern hemisphere including South America (10), Africa (158,219), and Australia (157) have been reported. However, these cases were based on serology only.…”

Section: Epidemiological Implications Geographic Distribution Of Diffmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Typing ofBorrelia burgdorferiSensu Lato: Taxonomic, Epidemiological, and Clinical Implications

et al. 1999

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SUMMARY Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, the spirochete that causes human Lyme borreliosis (LB), is a genetically and phenotypically divergent species. In the past several years, various molecular approaches have been developed and used to determine the phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity within the LB-related spirochetes and their potential association with distinct clinical syndromes. These methods include serotyping, multilocus enzyme electrophoresis, DNA-DNA reassociation analysis, rRNA gene restriction analysis (ribotyping), pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, plasmid fingerprinting, randomly amplified polymorphic DNA fingerprinting analysis, species-specific PCR and PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis, and sequence analysis of 16S rRNA and other conserved genes. On the basis of DNA-DNA reassociation analysis, 10 different Borrelia species have been described within the B. burgdorferi sensu lato complex: B. burgdorferi sensu stricto, Borrelia garinii, Borrelia afzelii, Borrelia japonica, Borrelia andersonii, Borrelia valaisiana, Borrelia lusitaniae, Borrelia tanukii, Borrelia turdi, and Borrelia bissettii sp. nov. To date, only B. burgdorferi sensu stricto, B. garinii, and B. afzelii are well known to be responsible for causing human disease. Different Borrelia species have been associated with distinct clinical manifestations of LB. In addition, Borrelia species are differentially distributed worldwide and may be maintained through different transmission cycles in nature. In this paper, the molecular methods used for typing of B. burgdorferi sensu lato are reviewed. The current taxonomic status of B. burgdorferi sensu lato and its epidemiological and clinical implications, especiallly correlation between the variable clinical presentations and the infecting Borrelia species, are discussed in detail.

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Lyme disease on the NSW south coast

Cited by 26 publications

References 5 publications

Emerging incidence of Lyme borreliosis, babesiosis, bartonellosis, and granulocytic ehrlichiosis in Australia

Emerging incidence of Lyme borreliosis, babesiosis, bartonellosis, and granulocytic ehrlichiosis in Australia

Is there a Lyme-like disease in Australia? Summary of the findings to date

Molecular Typing ofBorrelia burgdorferiSensu Lato: Taxonomic, Epidemiological, and Clinical Implications

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