Lycopene-rich tomato oleoresin modulates plasma adiponectin concentration and mRNA levels of adiponectin, SIRT1, and FoxO1 in adipose tissue of obese rats

Abstract

<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim:</jats:title><jats:p> To investigate whether lycopene can modulate adiponectin levels and SIRT1 and FoxO1 gene expression in the adipose tissue of diet-induced obese rats. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:</jats:title><jats:p> Male Wistar rats were first fed with hypercaloric diet (HD, n = 12) for 6 weeks, and afterward, these rats were randomly assigned to receive HD ( n = 6) or HD with lycopene-rich tomato oleoresin (equivalent to lycopene 10 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day, HD + L, n = 6) by gavage for additional 6 weeks. Plasma lycopene and adiponectin levels were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography and immunoassay, respectively. The messenger RNA (mRNA) expressions of adiponectin, Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), Forkhead box O 1 (FoxO1), fatty acid translocase/cluster of differentiation 36 (FAT/CD36), and PPARγ in adipose tissues were determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:</jats:title><jats:p> Lycopene was detected in the plasma of rats in HD + L group but not in the HD group. Although both BW and adiposity were not different between the two groups, there was a significant increase in both plasma concentration and mRNA expression of adiponectin in the adipose tissue of the HD + L group. In addition, the lycopene supplementation upregulated mRNA expressions of SIRT1, FoxO1, and FAT/CD36 but downregulated PPARγ in adipose tissue of obese rats. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion:</jats:title><jats:p> These data suggest that lycopene, in the concentration used, is not toxic and also its health benefits in adipose tissue may play a role against obesity-related complications. </jats:p></jats:sec>

Tomato Powder Inhibits Hepatic Steatosis and Inflammation Potentially Through Restoring SIRT1 Activity and Adiponectin Function Independent of Carotenoid Cleavage Enzymes in Mice

“…Decreased adiponectin transcription in adipose tissue and reduced adiponectin concentration in plasma have been reported in patients with obesity and NAFLD . Our present findings showed that TP supplementation caused a significant increase in adiponectin mRNA expression in MAT, and circulating adiponectin concentration in HFD‐fed BCO1 −/− BCO2 −/− double KO mice, which was in agreement with our previous report that lycopene‐rich tomato oleoresin modulates plasma adiponectin concentration and mRNA levels of adiponectin in adipose tissue of obese rats, indicating the induction of adiponectin by TP per se and independent of carotenoid cleavage enzymes.…”

Combinations of bio-active dietary constituents affect human white adipocyte function in-vitro

“…Finally, Lyc is not presented as an adipogenic modulator [16], however some conflicting data exist regarding its impact on adipose gene expression. In accordance with our human data, in murine adipocytes, Lyc treatment did not affect adipogenic genes [39] but moderately decreased lipid deposition [19], whereas Lyc administration for 6 weeks decreased PPAR-gamma mRNA in AT of rats without changes in total fat mass [46]. …”

Dietary regulation of adiponectin by direct and indirect lipid activators of nuclear hormone receptors

“…Similarly, apo‐10’‐lycopenoic acid, a putative lycopene metabolite impacted adipose tissue biology , and induced adiponectin possibly via PPARγ‐mediated pathways (personal unpublished data). In agreement, in obese rats, a supplementation with lycopene‐rich oleoresin increased plasma adiponectin levels and adipose tissue adiponectin mRNA . The molecular mechanism is not clearly established but could be linked to the ability of lycopene to transactivate PPARγ‐RXR .…”