Lutein and Zeaxanthin as Protectors of Lipid Membranes against Oxidative Damage: The Structural Aspects

Sujak, Agnieszka; Gabrielska, Janina; Grudziński, Wojciech; Borc, Robert; Mazurek, Piotr; Gruszecki, Wiesław I.

doi:10.1006/abbi.1999.1437

Cited by 290 publications

(184 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

176

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…From an antioxidant perspective, L, Z and MZ are structural isomers of one another and are characterized, biochemically, by their high number of doublebonds (Bone et al, 1993). Their supply of readily available electrons enables these carotenoids to quench reactive oxidative intermediates (ROIs), thus limiting membrane phosopholipid peroxidation and attenuating oxidative injury (Sujak et al, 1999). Kirschfeld was the first to propose the idea that carotenoids protect the macula against oxidative stress, (Kirschfeld, 1982) and in 1997, Khachik et al confirmed the presence of direct oxidation products of L and Z in human retinal tissue, supporting the hypothesis that MP does indeed protect against oxidative damage in this tissue (Khachik et al, 1997).…”

Section: Retinal Eccentricitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Macular carotenoid supplementation in subjects with atypical spatial profiles of macular pigment

Nolan

Akkali

Loughman

et al. 2012

Experimental Eye Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Retinal Eccentricitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Macular carotenoid supplementation in subjects with atypical spatial profiles of macular pigment

Nolan

Akkali

Loughman

et al. 2012

Experimental Eye Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Zeaxanthin is reported to be a superior photoprotector during prolonged light exposure; the shorter time-scale of protective efficacy of lutein has been attributed to oxidative damage of the carotenoid itself (Sujak et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of lutein and antioxidant dietary supplementation on contrast sensitivity in age-related macular disease: a randomized controlled trial

Bartlett

Eperjesi

2007

Eur J Clin Nutr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: The aim of the study is to determine the effect of lutein combined with vitamin and mineral supplementation on contrast sensitivity in people with age-related macular disease (ARMD). Design: A prospective, 9-month, double-masked randomized controlled trial. Setting: Aston University, Birmingham, UK and a UK optometric clinical practice. Subjects: Age-related maculopathy (ARM) and atrophic age-related macular degeneration (AMD) participants were randomized (using a random number generator) to either placebo (n ¼ 10) or active (n ¼ 15) groups. Three of the placebo group and two of the active group dropped out. Interventions: The active group supplemented daily with 6 mg lutein combined with vitamins and minerals. The outcome measure was contrast sensitivity (CS) measured using the Pelli-Robson chart, for which the study had 80% power at the 5% significance level to detect a change of 0.3 log units. Results: The CS score increased by 0.0770.07 and decreased by 0.0270.18 log units for the placebo and active groups, respectively. The difference between these values is not statistically significant (z ¼ À0.903, P ¼ 0.376). Conclusion:The results suggest that 6 mg of lutein supplementation in combination with other antioxidants is not beneficial for this group. Further work is required to establish optimum dosage levels.

show abstract

“…23 The polyene chains of MZ, L, and Z supply readily available electrons that enable these carotenoids to quench reactive oxygen species (ROS), thus limiting membrane phospholipid peroxidation and attenuating oxidative injury. 16,17,22,24,25 Z is twice as efficacious as L at quenching ROS, and this is attributed to the extended conjugated system of Z in comparison with L. 26 This extended conjugation is also present in MZ. When in conjunction with a Z-binding protein, MZ has proven to be a more potent antioxidant than Z.…”

Section: Chemical Structure Of the Macular Carotenoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…21 At the macula, L is reported to be a superior filter of short-wavelength (blue) light when compared with Z, because of its orientation with respect to the plane of the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membrane, which is both parallel and perpendicular. 22 In contrast, Z and MZ exhibit an orientation only perpendicular to this layer. However, structural differences and the consequential differing absorption spectra of these pigments (MZ, L, and Z) result in a collective optimal filtration of blue light at the macula, which would not be achieved by any of these carotenoids in isolation.…”

Section: Chemical Structure Of the Macular Carotenoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

What is meso-zeaxanthin, and where does it come from?

Nolan

Kashani

et al. 2013

Eye

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The carotenoids lutein (L), zeaxanthin (Z), and meso-zeaxanthin (MZ) accumulate in the central retina, where they are collectively known as macular pigment (MP). Each of these three compounds exhibit a regional dominance, with MZ, Z, and L being the dominant carotenoids at the epicentre, mid-periphery, and periphery of the macula, respectively. There is a growing and evidencebased consensus that MP is important for optimal visual performance, because of its blue light-filtering properties and consequential attenuation of chromatic aberration, veiling luminance, and blue haze. It has also been hypothesised that MP may protect against age-related macular degeneration because of the same optical properties and also because of the antioxidant capacity of the three macular carotenoids. Challenges inherent in the separation and quantification of MZ have resulted in a paucity of data on the content of this carotenoid in foodstuffs, and have rendered the study of tissue concentrations of this compound problematic. As a consequence, the few studies that have investigated MZ have, perhaps, been disproportionately influential in the ongoing debate about the origins of this macular carotenoid. Certainly, the narrative that retinal MZ is derived wholly and solely from retinal L needs to be revisited.

show abstract

Lutein and Zeaxanthin as Protectors of Lipid Membranes against Oxidative Damage: The Structural Aspects

Cited by 290 publications

References 22 publications

Macular carotenoid supplementation in subjects with atypical spatial profiles of macular pigment

Macular carotenoid supplementation in subjects with atypical spatial profiles of macular pigment

Effect of lutein and antioxidant dietary supplementation on contrast sensitivity in age-related macular disease: a randomized controlled trial

What is meso-zeaxanthin, and where does it come from?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About