Lunar Variations in F2 Region Critical Frequency at Singapore

Osborne, B.W.

doi:10.1038/169661a0

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…McNish [5] represented an upward-moving layer (the "spur") at Huancayo based on the measurement in 1939. Similar results were presented by Osborne [6] on the basis of the measurement during 1948-1951 at Singapore. In the African region, more characteristics about the occurrence of stratification of F2 layer ("ridge") have been revealed by Skinner et al [7] according to the observation at Ibadan (7.4 • N, 3.9 • E; −2.1 • ), Nigeria during 1951-1953.…”

Section: Ground Observationsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…International Journal of Geophysics 5 thermospheric tides. Similar presentation of lunar control of the times of appearance of ledges in the upper F2 region was presented by Osborne [6] at Singapore. The field-aligned enhancements in the neutral densities (neutral anomaly) inhibit the plasma flow along the field lines and thus are primarily responsible for the enhancement of ionization along a particular field line.…”

Section: Theoretical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…In fact, the linkage between the stratification of F2 layer and tides in the low thermosphere has been investigated 50 years ago. Osborne [6] reported that the phenomenon of the "spur" at Singapore was related to lunar time and represented an upwardmoving layer based on the measurement in 1948-1951. M. V. Klimenko and V. V. Klimenko [47] showed that, to reproduce F3 layer phenomenon in global self-consistent thermosphere-ionosphere model calculations, it is necessary to account the thermospheric tides.…”

Section: Longitude Dependences Of the F3 Layer Occurrencementioning

confidence: 99%

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Stratification of the Low-Latitude and Near-EquatorialF2Layer, Topside Ionization Ledge, andF3Layer: What We Know about This? A Review

Клименко¹,

Karpachev²,

Клименко³

2012

International Journal of Geophysics

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A large number of researches have been devoted to the formation of additional layers in the F region of the equatorial ionosphere, first of which has been published in 1940s. Originally the occurrence of such layer was named "stratification of equatorial F2 layer." The additional layer was later named as the F3 layer. The theoretical researches have shown that the F3 layer is formed by zonal component of electric field with assistance of meridional component of thermospheric wind and field-aligned plasma diffusion. The physical mechanism of the F3 layer formation is clearly formulated for the morning-noon period, although the F3 layer is also observed at other hours. This paper presents a brief review into the history of the additional layer researches, describes the current progress of these researches, and identifies the most important problems in this field of the ionospheric physics.

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Section: Ground Observationsupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Theoretical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Longitude Dependences Of the F3 Layer Occurrencementioning

confidence: 99%

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Stratification of the Low-Latitude and Near-EquatorialF2Layer, Topside Ionization Ledge, andF3Layer: What We Know about This? A Review

Клименко¹,

Karpachev²,

Клименко³

2012

International Journal of Geophysics

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“…Booker and Wells (1938) showed from ionosonde observations at Huancayo, near magnetic equator, rapid rise of the F2 layer after sunset followed by the occurrence of diffuse echoes. The phenomenon was later observed at other equatorial stations: Singapore (Osborne 1952), Kodaikanal (Bhargawa 1958), Ibadan (Lyon et al 1961) and Thumba (Chandra and Rastogi 1972a). Chandra and Rastogi (1972a) showed that the equatorial spread-F (ESF) is basically of two types:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Spread-F during the magnetic storm of 22 January 2004 at low latitudes: Effect of IMF-Bz in relation to local sunset time

et al. 2014

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The paper describes the results of spread-F at low latitude stations around the world during the magnetic storm starting at 0130 UT on 22 January 2004. The storm can be divided into two phases, first phase up to 1000 UT when interplanetary magnetic field IMF-Bz was highly fluctuating around a small positive value and the second phase after a sudden large southward turning of IMF-Bz at 1030 UT. The first phase produced strong spread-F at Jicamarca, Sao Luis, and Ascension Island and caused complete inhibition of spread-F at Thumba and Waltair in India. It generated weak spread-F at Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam and strong spread-F at Hainan and Chung Li. The strong spread-F at Hainan and Chung Li were caused by the positive IMF-Bz during the first phase of the storm and not by the negative pulse of IMF-Bz at 1000 UT.

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Lunar Tides in the Ionosphere

Matsushita¹

1967

Geophysik III / Geophysics III

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Lunar Variations in F2 Region Critical Frequency at Singapore

Cited by 15 publications

References 3 publications

Stratification of the Low-Latitude and Near-EquatorialF2Layer, Topside Ionization Ledge, andF3Layer: What We Know about This? A Review

Stratification of the Low-Latitude and Near-EquatorialF2Layer, Topside Ionization Ledge, andF3Layer: What We Know about This? A Review

Spread-F during the magnetic storm of 22 January 2004 at low latitudes: Effect of IMF-Bz in relation to local sunset time

Lunar Tides in the Ionosphere

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