Lunar and Martian Dust: Evaluation and Mitigation

Hyatt, Mark J.; Greenberg, Paul S.; Pines, Vladimir; Chait, Arnon; Farrell, W. M.; Stubbs, T. J.; Feighery, John; Johnson, Lyndon B.

doi:10.2514/6.2007-347

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…32,33 Beyond mechanical abrasion, lunar dust can also electrically charge due to solar wind bombardment, photoemission, plasma interaction, triboelectric interactions, and other factors. 43,44 Electronic charging of lunar dust exacerbates contamination problems by: enhancing particle movement and adhesive force; negatively affecting the performance of electronic and thermal management systems; and electrostatically charging nearby insulating materials that can lead to electrostatic discharge (ESD) events. 45 Extensive discussion of the complex physical processes resulting in natural lofting and transport of charged grains near the lunar surface can be found in a variety sources.…”

Section: Lunar and Martian Dustmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…45 Extensive discussion of the complex physical processes resulting in natural lofting and transport of charged grains near the lunar surface can be found in a variety sources. 39,40,43,44 Additionally, due to the low conductivity of lunar soil, accumulated charge is not dissipated to the ground and ungrounded objects can act as capacitors that can further attract charged dust particles. 43 In illuminated regions, charge sources, including photoelectrons, solar winds, and the lunar ionosphere, effectively act as a ground and limit charge accumulation on insulating objects.…”

Section: Lunar and Martian Dustmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrically conducting polymers and composites for applications in space exploration

Ryan,

Seibers,

Reynolds

et al. 2024

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Pushing the boundaries of space exploration and settlement requires innovative materials that are multi‐functional, reusable, and tolerant of the extreme hazards in space environments. Polymers represent an interesting class of materials for these applications due to their range of properties, low density, and ease of manufacturing. Electrically conductive materials based on polymers and other organic materials can be beneficial for safety purposes or for integrating advanced functions, such as dust mitigation and non‐destructive evaluation. Given the unique demands of the space industry, emerging materials developed for space may not appear in conventional forums. Conversely, many investigators focus on polymers and composites for other applications and may not realize the suitability of their material for space. This review provides an informational bridge between experts from conventional polymer fields and more space‐focused research groups. First, a brief history of polymer material integration from Apollo to Artemis is used as a context for their increasing importance to space exploration. Next, a polymer and composite materials‐focused summary of space hazards is discussed for different space environments. Finally, different space applications suitable for electrically conductive polymers and composites are discussed in the context of enabling space exploration and developing new terrestrial technology.

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Section: Lunar and Martian Dustmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Lunar and Martian Dustmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrically conducting polymers and composites for applications in space exploration

Ryan,

Seibers,

Reynolds

et al. 2024

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…For example, the probability of dust grain entering the lander post EVA can be defined as Equation (1) (Hyatt et al, 2007).…”

Section: Spacecraft Dust Concentration Zonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The variable T is defined as the transmission coefficient of the internally released dust grain from the airlock to the habitable volume of the habitat (i.e., no airlock T = 1) (Hyatt et al, 2007).…”

Section: Spacecraft Dust Concentration Zonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defining an abrasion index for lunar surface systems as a function of dust interaction modes and variable concentration zones

Kobrick

Klaus

Street

2011

Planetary and Space Science

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“…Moreover, the Martian atmosphere is tenuous (about 4.5–6 torr), and it permits a creation of glow discharges [ Hintze et al , ] that can lead to charging [ Krauss et al , ] as well as to degradation of possible organic materials [ Snyder et al , ]. In robotic and human missions to Mars, charged dust can adhere to equipment and temporarily disrupt its operation (e.g., by covering solar panels) or cause a permanent damage [e.g., Agui and Nakagawa , ; Hyatt et al , ; Calle et al , ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary electron emission from Martian soil simulant

et al. 2014

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In the recent years, growing interest in dust charging physics is connected with several lander missions running on or planned to the Moon, Mars, and Mercury for a near future. In support of these missions, laboratory simulations are a potential tool to optimize in situ exploration and measurements. In the paper, we have investigated electrical properties of a Martian soil simulant prepared at the Johnson Space Center under name JSC Mars‐1 using the dust charging experiment when a single dust grain is trapped in a vacuum chamber and its secondary electron emission is studied. The exposure of the grain to the electron beam revealed that the grain surface potential is low and generally determined by a mean atomic number of the grain material at a low‐energy range (<1 keV), whereas it can reach a limit of the field ion emission being irradiated by more energetic electrons. A comparison of model and experimental results reveals an influence of the grain shape and size predominantly in the range of higher (>2 keV) electron energies. We discuss possible implications of the secondary electron emission for the presence of lightnings on Mars.

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Lunar and Martian Dust: Evaluation and Mitigation

Cited by 7 publications

References 9 publications

Electrically conducting polymers and composites for applications in space exploration

Electrically conducting polymers and composites for applications in space exploration

Defining an abrasion index for lunar surface systems as a function of dust interaction modes and variable concentration zones

Secondary electron emission from Martian soil simulant

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