Lumps and bumps in neonates and infants

Abstract

There are many developmental abnormalities that may appear in the neonate and in infants when critical steps in embryogenesis fail. These steps are often not fatal but can lead to significant morbidity for those patients affected. A logical approach is needed in addressing both the diagnostic and therapeutic issues that arise when caring for these patients, as various lesions will warrant an observational approach, and others may require imaging studies or definitive surgical intervention. Additionally, there are other "lumps and bumps" that are seen in the neonatal and infantile age groups that include malignancies and cutaneous neoplasms with associated systemic sequelae.

Nasal dermoid sinus cyst in a young female

“…[56] Nasal encephalocele presents a soft compressible bluish swelling which changes in size on crying or straining (Valsalva maneuver) and shows transillumination due to its cerebrospinal fluid content. Our patient presented with the classical picture of nasal dermoid sinus cyst with history of intermittent discharge of pus and on examination she had pathognomonic tufts of hair arising from the opening of the sinus.…”

Congenital Lesions of Tip of Nose: Report of Two Cases with Review

“…These lesions are common over the lower third of the nasal bridge. The differential diagnosis for midline nasal swelling includes nasal gliomas, nasal encephalocele, congenital heamangiomas, and epidermoid cyst [10] [11]. Nasal encephalocele presents a soft compressible bluish swelling which changes in size on crying or straining (Valsalva maneuver) and shows transillumination due to its cerebrospinal fluid content [6].…”