Luminous heights of turbulent diffusion flames

Heskestad, Gunnar

doi:10.1016/0379-7112(83)90002-4

Cited by 361 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The incident heat flux on a material surface is directly related to the predicted flame temperature by the CFD codes and the correct rate of pyrolysis of the material will strongly depend on the accurate prediction of the flame height in the numerical simulations. An estimate of the flame height, L, for buoyant diffusion flames and pool fires has been given experimentally by Heskestad [46]:…”

Section: Flame Heightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large Eddy Simulations of CH4 Fire Plumes

Maragkos

Merci

2017

Flow Turbulence Combust

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Large eddy simulations of large-scale CH 4 fire plumes (1.59-2.61 MW) with two different CFD packages, FireFOAM and FDS, are presented. It is investigated how the vorticity generation mechanism and puffing behavior of largescale fire plumes differs from previously studied iso-thermal buoyant plumes of the same scale. In addition, the predictive capabilities of the turbulence and combustion models, currently used by the two CFD codes, to accurately capture the fire dynamics and the buoyancy-generated turbulence associated with large-scale fire plumes are evaluated. Results obtained with the two CFD codes, typically used for numerical simulations of fire safety applications, are also compared with respect to the average and rms velocities and temperatures, puffing frequencies, average flame heights and entrainment rates using experimental data and well-known correlations in literature. Furthermore, the importance of the applied reaction time scale model in combination with the Eddy Dissipation Model is examined. In particular, the influence of the considered mixing time scales in the predicted centerline temperatures is illustrated and used to explain the discrepancies between the two codes.

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Section: Flame Heightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large Eddy Simulations of CH4 Fire Plumes

Maragkos

Merci

2017

Flow Turbulence Combust

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“…McCaffrey showed it could be used outside the buoyancy and pool fire regimes to correlate H/D over surprisingly broad regimes, including turbulent jet flames. The original correlation was presented as logarithmic plots of H/D against Q* 2/5 [3] and employed the experimental data in [11,24,33,[35][36][37][38][39]. Becker and Liang's data correlation [35] are shown on the present figure, as Q* attained 2·10 7 .…”

Section: The Q* Parametermentioning

confidence: 99%

Jet flame heights, lift-off distances, and mean flame surface density for extensive ranges of fuels and flow rates

Bradley

Gaskell

et al. 2016

Combustion and Flame

103

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An extensive review and re-thinking of jet flame heights and structure, extending into the choked/supersonic regime is presented, with discussion of the limitations of previous flame height correlations. Completely new dimensionless correlations for the plume heights, lift-off distances, and mean flame surface densities of atmospheric jet flames, in the absence of a cross wind, are presented. It was found that the same flow rate parameter could be used to correlate both plume heights and flame lift-off distances. These are related to the flame structure, jet flame instability, and flame extinction stretch rates, as revealed by complementary experiments and computational studies. The correlations are based on a vast experimental data base, covering 880 flame heights. They encompass pool fires and flares, as well as choked and unchoked jet flames of CH 4 , C 2 H 2 , C 2 H 4 , C 3 H 8 , C 4 H 10 and H 2 , over a wide range of conditions. Supply pressures range from 0.06 to 90MPa, discharge diameters from 4·10 -4 to 1.32 m, and flame heights from 0.08 to 110 m. The computational studies enabled reaction zone volumes to be estimated, as a proportion of the plume volumes, measured from flame photographs, and temperature contours. This enabled mean flame surface densities to be estimated, together with mean volumetric heat releases rates. There is evidence of a "saturation" mean surface density and increases in turbulent burn rates being accomplished by near pro rata increases in the overall volume of reacting mixture.

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“…Our flames are about 20 % higher than those of Zukoski er al. [5] or Heskestad [16], but the two flames of You and Faeth are much longer.…”

Section: Flame Shapesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study Of Heat Transfer To Ceiling From An Impinging Diffusion Flame

Kokkala¹

1991

Fire Safety Science - Proceedings of the Third International Sy

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An experimental study of the heat transfer to a ceiling surface exposed by natural gas flames in the range of 2.9-10.5 kW is reported. The gas temperature below and the total heat flux to the stagnation point were found to be functions of the ratio of the ceiling and flame height. In the continuous and the intermittent flame regions the stagnation point heat flux was found to be higher than reported earlier by You and Faeth, but to approach their results in the plume region. The heat flux from the ceiling jet to the ceiling agreed well with the earlier results.

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Luminous heights of turbulent diffusion flames

Cited by 361 publications

References 6 publications

Large Eddy Simulations of CH4 Fire Plumes

Large Eddy Simulations of CH4 Fire Plumes

Jet flame heights, lift-off distances, and mean flame surface density for extensive ranges of fuels and flow rates

Experimental Study Of Heat Transfer To Ceiling From An Impinging Diffusion Flame

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