Luminous flux to input power ratio, power factor and harmonics when dimming high-pressure sodium and LED luminaires used in road lighting

Djuretic, A; Skerovic, V.; Arsic, N; Kostic, M

doi:10.1177/1477153518777272

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…The initial roadway luminance level (L av ), the overall and longitudinal luminance uniformities (U o and U l , respectively), the threshold increment (TI) and the surround ratio (SR), calculated assuming the roadway surface standard reflection class of R3 and the average luminance coefficient (Q 0 ) of 0.08 cd/(m 2 • lx) [27], are presented in Table 1 for both test zones (their values were calculated using the professional street lighting software Ulysse 3, developed by the Schréder Group and based on the CIE 115-2010 [28] and CIE 140-2000 [29]). Immediately after the luminaires were installed, the luminance levels (measured by a CCD camera) were very close to the calculated ones: 1.46 cd/m 2 (3000 K LEDs) and 1.50 cd/m 2 (4000 K LEDs) [27].…”

Section: Methods a Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…LED technology for street lighting has experienced constant progress during the last decade. LED package luminous efficacies have already come close to 200 lm/W [1], LED luminaire light distribution can adjust to almost any roadway, and LED adaptive systems provide the highest percentage energy savings [2]. Although the life of LED packages depends on many influencing parameters, the most important being electric current and temperature [3], it exceeds by far that of conventional light sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Drivers’ Preference for the Color of LED Street Lighting

et al. 2019

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The purpose of this paper was to initiate broad research aimed to establish the preferred color of light of LEDs from a driver's point of view. Two street lighting installations (one with 3000 K and the other with 4000 K LEDs) were evaluated both objectively and subjectively. The objective evaluation, realized using a CCD camera, included detection of small targets and pedestrians. A slight advantage was identified for the 3000 K lighting installation regarding both types of target. As for subjective evaluation (realized through a questionnaire), the task of the participants (drivers) was to choose the more appropriate between the two lighting installations regarding six lighting parameters, as well as the overall visibility. The 3000 K LED installation was evaluated as a better solution for most analyzed parameters, as well as for the overall visibility. However, only the results regarding the color of the light (in favor of the 3000 K LEDs) and the detection of small light-colored obstacles (in favor of 4000 K LEDs) were convincing, which was confirmed by the statistical analysis. Due to the obtained mild preference for the 3000 K LEDs and several limitations/challenges of the conducted surveys, it was concluded that additional research is needed in order to decide on the preferred color of light of LEDs from a driver's perspective. INDEX TERMS Street lighting, pilot project, STV concept, drivers' impressions, questionnaire, comparison of 3000 K and 4000 K LEDs.

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Section: Methods a Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drivers’ Preference for the Color of LED Street Lighting

et al. 2019

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“…However, the replacement of LED discharge lamps is encountering problems that were not common in lighting installations. Different studies have focused on comparatively evaluating both technologies, focusing on measuring the indexes of annoying glare, uniformity, possible contamination of the power grid, harmonic contamination, and trying to measure the dreaded cold peak currents in the ignition starts [24], as well as anomaly factors such as power factor (PF) and current total harmonic distortion (THD) [25]. At the time of the initial cold start of the installation, the "input peak currents" [26], and consequently the over-excitation of the diodes used by the LED sources (due to the voltage required during the start-up period), can cause overcurrent problems and unwanted disconnections [21,[27][28][29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Criteria for Assessing the Competitiveness of Public Tenders with the Replacement of Large-Scale LEDs in the Outdoor Lighting of Cities as a Key Element for Sustainable Development: Case Study Applied with PROMETHEE Methodology

et al. 2019

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The technological change to LEDs is an unstoppable reality which, little by little, is becoming increasingly important in terms of the lighting inside and outside our homes. The exterior lighting of our cities is moving decisively and clearly towards the incorporation of this technology in urban spaces. The energy efficiency, light quality, and economic benefits of LED technology are an unquestionable reality. This is causing public administration projects involving large-scale switches to LEDs to be promoted and financed; however, it is beginning to be observed that the commitment to the policies decided by this technology should take into account some environmental aspects which have not been studied to date. The environmental impact of the substitutions is caused by the need to valorize the replaced luminaires. Until now, most have been stored without the possibility of use, reuse, or recovery. The environmental impact produced in the manufacture of LED luminaires that replace the old sodium vapor (VSAP) or metal halide (MH) discharge lamps must also be considered. In addition, in the administrative clauses specifications that govern the public tenders, it is observed that the fundamental environmental aspects both of recycling the old lamps, and of the life cycle analysis (LCA) of the luminaires that are replacing them, have not been contemplated or valued with sufficient weight. In addition, there are very few public substitution contests in which environmental criteria are rewarded or valued in an important way. This work intends to summarize a methodological proposal using the techniques of multiple decision-making criteria for the selection of bidding companies for public outdoor lighting competitions. We propose the use of the PROMETHEE method multi-criteria analysis for the application of the most commonly used criteria for the luminaire LED selection process, including an environmental impact assessment with LCA techniques, and propose this as a case or model guide in the public contests of cities. A model of the bidding conditions that addresses and assesses the environmental aspects which are absolutely key to sustainable development is supported by the ecological criteria of the circular economy.

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“…Nevertheless, the mere fact of using LED technology does not always guarantee 2 of 19 the best possible solution [11,12]. It is true that there are many advantages to LEDs, but there are also many disadvantages or unsolved problems, such as heat dissipation, blue light hazard, life time, and the adverse effect on the electrical power system (the generation of harmonics) [13]. What is more, there are many different factors responsible for the real issue of the energy efficiency of a given lighting solution [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Multi-Criteria Assessment Procedure for Outdoor Lighting at the Design Stage

Pracki

Skarżyński

2020

Sustainability

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This paper presents an attempt at a unified approach for the assessment of outdoor lighting solutions at the design stage. First of all, the lighting criteria for different types of outdoor lighting installations have been carefully described. Despite the differences in criteria, it is possible to find a common ground for the assessment of lighting solutions at the design stage. This is based on the need for the assessment of lighting solutions to be included in the requirements for the luminous environment, light pollution, and energy efficiency. The review and analysis of the standards and reports allows an experimental procedure to be created, the main aim of which is to find the best and most sustainable lighting solution for any outdoor situation. The procedure was tested by the example of an analysis of parking lot lighting solutions. In the case analyzed, 120 solutions were considered. It appeared that, in only 65 cases were the requirements referring to both lighting condition and light pollution met. Finally, based on the lighting energy efficiency assessment, ten solutions were selected as the most suitable. Furthermore, only one solution out of the ten was the most beneficial, taking into account the extra criterion of basic economic cost. The case study confirms that the assessment procedure allows the most beneficial solution to be selected, taking into account the luminous environment, as well as light pollution and energy efficiency criteria. The proposed multi-criteria assessment procedure may be used as a valuable tool by lighting designers to select the most beneficial solution in order to meet the needs of safety, visual efficiency, and comfort, as well as taking into account light pollution and energy efficiency restrictions.

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Luminous flux to input power ratio, power factor and harmonics when dimming high-pressure sodium and LED luminaires used in road lighting

Cited by 17 publications

References 22 publications

Drivers’ Preference for the Color of LED Street Lighting

Drivers’ Preference for the Color of LED Street Lighting

Environmental Criteria for Assessing the Competitiveness of Public Tenders with the Replacement of Large-Scale LEDs in the Outdoor Lighting of Cities as a Key Element for Sustainable Development: Case Study Applied with PROMETHEE Methodology

A Multi-Criteria Assessment Procedure for Outdoor Lighting at the Design Stage

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