Luminescent Transitions Associated With Divalent Copper Impurities and the Green Emission from Semiconducting Zinc Oxide

Dingle, R.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.23.579

Cited by 686 publications

(462 citation statements)

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“…Moreover, in addition to the first set of structures, the second set of structures with the same periodicity was also observed but its origin is not yet understood. 9,13 Full exploitation of ZnO in optoelectronic device applications certainly requires better knowledge of various optical processes in ZnO. Motivated by such a requirement, the present work is devoted to an enhanced understanding of the broad green luminescence band of ZnO.…”

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confidence: 99%

Green Luminescence Band in ZnO: Fine Structures, Electron−Phonon Coupling, and Temperature Effect

Shi

et al. 2006

J. Phys. Chem. B

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The green emission band of ZnO has been investigated by both experimental and theoretical means. Two sets of equally separated fine structures with the same periodicity (close to the longitudinal optical (LO) phonon energy of ZnO) are well resolved in the low-temperature broad green emission spectra. As the temperature increases, the fine structures gradually fade out and the whole green emission band becomes smooth at room temperature. An attempt to quantitatively reproduce the variable-temperature green emission spectra using the underdamped multimode Brownian oscillator model taking into account the quantum dissipation effect of the phonon bath is done. Results show that the two electronic transitions strongly coupled to lattice vibrations of ZnO lead to the observed broad emission band with fine structures. Excellent agreement between theory and experiment for the entire temperature range enables us to determine the dimensionless Huang-Rhys factor characterizing the strength of electron-LO phonon coupling and the coupling coefficient of the LO and bath modes.Historically, zinc oxide (ZnO) is a technologically important material thanks to its piezoelectric characteristics and other unique properties such as its transparency up to the near ultraviolet (UV). It is also known that ZnO is a semiconductor with a wide band gap (∼3.37 eV) and an extremely large exciton binding energy (as high as 60 meV). 1 Recently, it has attracted renewed research interest due to its newly-found application potential in exciton-type short-wavelength optoelectronic devices that are functional at room temperature or above. 1-3 Despite a long history of industrial applications, a clear understanding of some fundamental properties of ZnO still remains elusive. 1,2,4-7 For example, contention still surrounds the microstructural origin. 4,8 To date, very different defect origins, such as the substitutional Cu 2+ on the zinc site, 9 oxygen vacancy (V O ), 10 zinc vacancy (V Zn ), 11 and interstitial zinc (Zn i ), 12 have been suggested to be responsible for the green band of ZnO. Among them, the substitutional Cu 2+ model proposed first by Dingle 9 has received much attention due to the distinct spectral features of a sharp zero-phonon line (ZPL) and a broad longitudinal optical (LO) phonon sideband at low temperature. [13][14][15] Taking into account only the coupling between one LO phonon mode and one electronic transition, Kuhnert and Helbig 13 employed a Poission distribution, I n ) S n e -S /n!, to fit the line shape of the green emission band and then obtained a Huang-Rhys factor of S ) 6.5. It is well-known that the Poission distribution simply gives only a backbone of the absorption or luminescence line shape of the electron-LO phonon coupling system. Broadening due to acoustic-phonon-bath dissipation and the temperature effect cannot be accounted for in the model. Moreover, in addition to the first set of structures, the second set of structures with the same periodicity was also observed but its origin is not yet understood. 9,...

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confidence: 99%

Green Luminescence Band in ZnO: Fine Structures, Electron−Phonon Coupling, and Temperature Effect

Shi

et al. 2006

J. Phys. Chem. B

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“…Several studies based on photoluminescence experiments [14,15], electrical measurements [16,17], and on GGA þ U calculations [18] have reported a deep acceptor state with the transition energy level (0, À1) high in the band gap. In this Letter we present a combined experimental and theoretical study of the Cu=ZnO system prepared by Cu deposition on ZnO single crystal surfaces.…”

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Shallow Donor States Induced by In-Diffused Cu in ZnO: A Combined HREELS and Hybrid DFT Study

et al. 2011

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A combined experimental and first principles study of Cu defects in bulk ZnO is presented. Cu particles are epitaxially deposited on the polar O-ZnOð000 " 1Þ surface at room temperature. Upon heating, a broadening of the quasielastic peak in high resolution electron energy loss spectra is observed, corresponding to an electronic doping effect of Cu atoms in bulk ZnO with an ionization energy of 88 meV. Cu impurities in ZnO, although commonly acting as acceptors, are presently observed to induce shallow donor states. We assign these to interstitial Cu species on the basis of a hybrid density functional study.

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“…The blue-green emission in ZnO might also be associated with a transition within a self-activated center formed by a double-ionized zinc vacancy (V Zn ) -2 and the single-ionized interstitial Zn + at the one or two nearest-neighbor interstitial sites (Studenikin et al, 1998c). At last the bluegreen emission can be ascribed to a substitution of Zn by extrinsic impurities such as Cu or Mg in the crystal lattice (Dingle, 1969;Mordkovich et al, 2003). The blue-green emission in the doped ZnO particles can be attributed to recombination of V 0 • electrons with excited holes in the valence band (Fig.…”

Section: Switching Of Cathodoluminescence From Zno Nanoparticle/polymmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multicolor Luminescence from Semiconductor Nanocrystal Composites Tunable in an Electric Field

Panin¹

2012

Cathodoluminescence

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Luminescent Transitions Associated With Divalent Copper Impurities and the Green Emission from Semiconducting Zinc Oxide

Cited by 686 publications

References 8 publications

Green Luminescence Band in ZnO: Fine Structures, Electron−Phonon Coupling, and Temperature Effect

Green Luminescence Band in ZnO: Fine Structures, Electron−Phonon Coupling, and Temperature Effect

Shallow Donor States Induced by In-Diffused Cu in ZnO: A Combined HREELS and Hybrid DFT Study

Multicolor Luminescence from Semiconductor Nanocrystal Composites Tunable in an Electric Field

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