Luminescent Analysis of ATP: Modern Objects and Processes for Sensing

Abstract

Bioluminescent analysis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentrations is now acquiring new applications in the form of objects and processes in which it can be effectively used for sensing. A quick analysis of biological objects and systems for which the level of ATP concentrations is one of the main parameters, and a forecast of the development of various situations in such biosystems under industrial production conditions or the ecological state of the environment, confirmed by various results of analytical control of other parameters, turns out to be simple and effective. Sanitary control, quality control of purified water, microbial analysis in the food industry, maintenance of drugs and estimation of their quality, and monitoring of the metabolic state of biocatalysts used in various biotechnological processes are between the main trends of recent applications of bioluminescent ATP-assay. Additionally, the new areas of ATP sensing are developed, and the following topics are their creation of synthetic microbial consortia, their introduction as new biocatalysts to biodegradation of pesticides, suppression of methane accumulation in model urban land fields, control of dangerous development of biocorrosive processes, design of chemical-biocatalytic hybrid processes, creation of effective antimicrobial dressing and protective tissue materials, etc. These aspects are the subject of this review.

Quorum Sensing as a Trigger That Improves Characteristics of Microbial Biocatalysts

“…It can be said that the concentration of intracellular ATP in total reflects the processes occurring in cells, and can serve as a criterion for its viability and metabolic activity. This method is appreciated for a quick and adequate analysis that allows researchers and technologists to quickly respond to the changes that occur in the cells of a variety of microorganisms [ 141 , 142 , 143 , 144 ]. Separately, it is necessary to note the high sensitivity of the method [ 139 ].…”

“…The possibilities of using bioluminescent ATP-metry at various stages of obtaining, using, storage and regenerating BCs, which are cells of microorganisms stabilized in populations with a high density of microbial biomass, have been demonstrated [ 139 , 143 , 144 ]. Thus, it can be confidently stated that monitoring the concentration of intracellular ATP is an effective approach to obtaining and monitoring the state of BCs and their functioning, and it enables the control of BCs on the basis of the mechanisms of QS action.…”

Metal Nanomaterials and Hydrolytic Enzyme-Based Formulations for Improved Antifungal Activity

“…Nevertheless, all these results did not allow for distinguishing between the true killing of cells to death and cells in the stasis state. Modern tests determining the real cellular state, like the live/dead assay, ATP test [62], etc., should be widely implemented.…”

Various Biomimetics as Antifungals

“…Nanoparticles of phosphatase-like nanozyme based on gadolinium covered by dextran was synthesized as mimetic of enzymatic catalysts to intensify the dephosphorylation of ATP, an important biomolecule reflecting the energy status of living cells [103].…”