Abstract:The variety of applications of yttrium-aluminum garnet (YAG)-based luminescent materials and the morphology necessary for these purposes required the development of many technologies for their synthesis. All synthesis technologies used are complex. The structural phase of yttrium-aluminum garnet is formed with any technology, at temperatures exceeding 1,500 °C. The starting materials for the synthesis are metal oxides of aluminum, yttrium and other oxides for activation and modification. It seems possible to u… Show more
“…Essential for the synthesized luminescent ceramics is a quantitative characteristic, the efficiency of the conversion of the excitation energy Φ ex into luminescence Φ em : η = Φ em /Φ ex The quantitative measurements of the optical radiation are complex: the measurement result depends on the luminescence and excitation spectra and light distribution in space. For operational quantitative measurements, it is possible to use methods for comparing luminescence brightness’ [ 25 ]. The luminescence brightness of diffusely scattering media, which are powders, is proportional to the radiation flux.…”
YAG:Ce ceramics by the direct action of an electron beam with 1.4 MeV energy were synthesized on a mixture of a stoichiometric composition of Y, Al, and Ce oxides without adding any substances to facilitate the process. The synthesis is realized in a time less than 1 s. The main structural phase of the obtained ceramics is YAG and YAP can be additional. The luminescence characteristics of the synthesized samples, the excitation, luminescence, decay time, and pulsed cathodoluminescence spectra, are similar to those known for YAG:Ce phosphors. The conversion efficiency of the excitation energy into the luminescence of the samples reaches 60–70% of those used for the manufacture of LED phosphors. The set of processes that determine the rate and efficiency of radiation synthesis differs from those occurring during thermal methods by the existence of a high degree of the initial compositions’ ionization under the influence of a radiation flux and a high probability of the decay of electronic excitations into short-lived radiolysis products.
“…Essential for the synthesized luminescent ceramics is a quantitative characteristic, the efficiency of the conversion of the excitation energy Φ ex into luminescence Φ em : η = Φ em /Φ ex The quantitative measurements of the optical radiation are complex: the measurement result depends on the luminescence and excitation spectra and light distribution in space. For operational quantitative measurements, it is possible to use methods for comparing luminescence brightness’ [ 25 ]. The luminescence brightness of diffusely scattering media, which are powders, is proportional to the radiation flux.…”
YAG:Ce ceramics by the direct action of an electron beam with 1.4 MeV energy were synthesized on a mixture of a stoichiometric composition of Y, Al, and Ce oxides without adding any substances to facilitate the process. The synthesis is realized in a time less than 1 s. The main structural phase of the obtained ceramics is YAG and YAP can be additional. The luminescence characteristics of the synthesized samples, the excitation, luminescence, decay time, and pulsed cathodoluminescence spectra, are similar to those known for YAG:Ce phosphors. The conversion efficiency of the excitation energy into the luminescence of the samples reaches 60–70% of those used for the manufacture of LED phosphors. The set of processes that determine the rate and efficiency of radiation synthesis differs from those occurring during thermal methods by the existence of a high degree of the initial compositions’ ionization under the influence of a radiation flux and a high probability of the decay of electronic excitations into short-lived radiolysis products.
“…In addition to the previously discussed techniques, recent studies have unveiled impressive results on the fabrication of refractory ceramics, specifically magnesium fluoride (MgF 2 ) and yttrium-aluminum garnet (YAG) ceramics, utilizing a powerful electron beam [33][34][35]. Consequently, there is a heightened interest in the development and refinement of this newly proposed synthesis method for refractory materials employing a powerful electron beam.…”
The synthesis of β-Ga2O3 ceramic was achieved using high-energy electron beams for the first time. The irradiation of gallium oxide powder in a copper crucible using a 1.4 MeV electron beam resulted in a monolithic ceramic structure, eliminating powder particles and imperfections. The synthesized β-Ga2O3 ceramic exhibited a close-to-ideal composition of O/Ga in a 3:2 ratio. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed a monoclinic structure (space group C2/m) that matched the reference diagram before and after annealing. Photoluminescence spectra revealed multiple luminescence peaks at blue (~2.7 eV) and UV (3.3, 3.4, 3.8 eV) wavelengths for the synthesized ceramic and commercial crystals. Raman spectroscopy confirmed the bonding modes in the synthesized ceramic. The electron beam-assisted method offers a rapid and cost-effective approach for β-Ga2O3 ceramic production without requiring additional equipment or complex manipulations. This method holds promise for fabricating refractory ceramics with high melting points, both doped and undoped.
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