Lucrative future of microalgal biofuels in Pakistan: a review

Manzoor, Maleeha; Tabssum, Fouzia; Javaid, Hira; Qazi, Javed Iqbal

doi:10.1007/s40095-015-0186-9

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…However, the costs of microalgal biomass production need to be reduced. It has been reported that many microalgal species show potential to grow on various agro‐industrial wastes . Moreover, it has also been reported that photomixotrophic cultivation leads to high cellular fatty acid content .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been reported that many microalgal species show potential to grow on various agro-industrial wastes. [13][14][15][16] Moreover, it has also been reported that photomixotrophic cultivation leads to high cellular fatty acid content. [17][18][19] The capability of microalgae to grow on organic carbon substrates increases the likelihood of implication of lignocellulosic wastes/feedstocks which in turn increases net productivity and decreases cultivation costs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mixotrophic cultivation of Scenedesmus dimorphus in sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate

Manzoor

Ahmad

Aslam

et al. 2019

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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Overuse of the fossil fuels to fulfill existing energy requirements has generated various environmental problems like global warming. Emergence of environmental issues due to burning of the fossil fuel resources has provoked researchers to explore alternative sources of fuel. In this scenario, microalgal biofuels could present a promising alternative fuel if produced cost‐effectively without competing for freshwater resources and arable land. Aim of the present study was to grow microalgae by employing lignocellulosic waste for production of lipids. Scenedesmus dimorphus NT8c was chosen based on its ability to tolerate heat, rapid growth, and ease of harvesting by overnight settling. Biochemical composition and growth parameters of microalgae were analyzed when cultivated mixotrophically on sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate, a low‐value agricultural by‐product, that is, currently underutilized. Despite a slight increase in turbidity in the medium, S. dimorphus NT8c cultures raised mixotrophically in 5 g/L sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate displayed significantly higher growth rates compared to photoautotrophic cultivation with an overall biomass productivity of 119.5 mg L d−1, protein contents of 34.82% and fatty acid contents of 15.41%. Thus, microalgae cultivated mixotrophically are capable of photosynthesizing while metabolizing and assimilating organic carbon, significant increases of biomass and lipid productivity can be achieved. However, high supplementation with organic carbon can result in unfavorable levels of turbidity and bacterial growth, reducing microalgal biomass productivity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixotrophic cultivation of Scenedesmus dimorphus in sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate

Manzoor

Ahmad

Aslam

et al. 2019

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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“…Agricultural wastewater with different animal wastes (poultry and cow) are rich with nutrients. So it can be utilized as growth medium for microalgae cultivation (Manzoor et al, 2015). Eladel et al, (2019), reported that there was a significant increase in lipid productivity of Chlorella sorokiniana cultivated on municipal wastewater over that of Bolds basal medium (BBM) and attributed that increase to the availability of organic compounds in wastewater.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiesel production and nutrient removal by microalgae cultured on poultry waste

Shabana¹,

Taofik

Shalaby

2019

Egyptian Journal of Phycology

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Microalgae are a potential feedstock for a vast renewable products and different applications in biotechnology. This investigation of using poultry waste extracts for growing Anabaena, Chlorella and mixed culture of both showed that 5 g/L poultry waste extract was the most probable concentration for enhancing growth and lipid production. Percentage increase in lipid content over control (BBM) was (94.2, 56.4 and 28.8 %), biomass productivity was (31.61, 51.86 and 42.04 mg/L/day) and lipid productivity was (4.59, 10.53 and 6.94 mg/L/day) for Anabaena, Chlorella and mixed culture respectively. The role of microalgae in bioremediation of poultry waste was effective, maximum reduction percentage of NH 3 was (84.07%) whereas it was (80.41%) for phosphorus. Microwave pretreatment of harvested cells increased the lipid content to 17.6% in Anabaena, 31% in Chlorella and 23% for mixture. Lipid extraction, esterification, GC-Ms analysis for fatty acid profile, showed that saturated fatty acids in Chlorella and algal mixture were higher than their corresponding controls. Cetane number of the produced biodiesel was ranged from (53.7 to 56.4) while iodine value was ranged from (63.5 to 88.4). This study revealed that poultry waste extract can be used as a promising ecofriendly microalgae medium for high production of biomass and lipid which in turn produce high quality biodiesel meet the international standards biodiesel.

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“…Scenedesmus were found to be the most suitable for cultivation in waste water systems to produce alternative fuels such as biodiesel and biogas [48]. Additionally, agricultural and industrial waste water along with different animal wastes (poultry and cow) as growth medium (rich with nutrients) were used for microalgae cultivation and significant increases in lipid content and biomass yield were observed in mixotrophic conditions [49]. wastewater as a growth medium.…”

Section: Algal Biodiesel Research (Studies Conducted On Indigenous Spmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The influent and effluent dissolved oxygen levels were 0.42 mg/L and 0.36 mg/L respectively. The quantitative analysis showed algal biomass yield as 0.381 g/L and the total lipid content was 10-15 % by weight, extracted by the Bligh and Dyer method (unpublished results).The fresh water species such as Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus are the most promising species of microalgae that can be cultivated in Pakistan, with favourable climatic conditions for their growth[49] and suggest potential to produce biodiesel[53]. It was observed that chlorella vulgaris has high flexibility to adapt to diverse culture conditions and was tested as a biofuel feedstock that can be cultivated under phototrophic and heterotrophic conditions, and the biodiesel produced from it complies with international biodiesel standard ASTM D6751 and European standard EN-14214.…”

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confidence: 99%

Prospects of microalgal biodiesel production in Pakistan – A review

Ali

Sultana

Tahir³

et al. 2017

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

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Biodiesel is an alternative, renewable, biodegradable and environmentally friendly fuel for transportation, with properties like petroleum-derived diesel, and can be used directly in a compression ignition engine without any modifications. The world's fossil fuel and crude oil reserves are going to dry up in the next few decades, but, contrariwise, an attractive, high quality, readily available and economically extractable oil from microalgae is a substitute feedstock to produce alternative biodiesel fuel for the transportation sector in the future. Microalgae have a higher biomass productivity (tons/ hectare / year) and lipid yield (kg/ kg of algal biomass) as compared to vegetable oil crops. To overcome the problem of energy deficiency in developing countries, like Pakistan, and boost their economic growth, alternative fuels are proving very important for environment-friendly and sustainable development, especially in the last few decades. Different research studies on microalgae cultivation, characterization of microalgae oil (lipids), and evaluations of its socioeconomic feasibility to produce renewable biodiesel have been conducted in the past in Pakistan for its future prospects. This review paper includes the overall summary and compilation of the microalgae research conducted in Pakistan on biodiesel production and includes the algal biodiesel production cost analysis. The studies showed promising results for harnessing microalgae and using its lipids to produce biodiesel with favourable properties that were comparable to the conventional diesel in Pakistan. The information related to the microalgae research will help stakeholders and governmental organisations working in the renewable energy sector to consider its cultivation on a large scale, using waste water as a feedstock to produce biodiesel to meet the target set by the Government of Pakistan of using 10% blended biodiesel by the year 2025 in Pakistan.

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Lucrative future of microalgal biofuels in Pakistan: a review

Cited by 14 publications

References 74 publications

Mixotrophic cultivation of Scenedesmus dimorphus in sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate

Mixotrophic cultivation of Scenedesmus dimorphus in sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate

Biodiesel production and nutrient removal by microalgae cultured on poultry waste

Prospects of microalgal biodiesel production in Pakistan – A review

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