“…With a panel of endogenous metabolic, exogenous organelle-, or enzyme-selective fluorescent probes, used in combination with conventional biochemistry, microspectrofluorometry (Hirschberg et al, 1994(Hirschberg et al, , 1995Hirschberg and Kohen, 1996;Kohen et al, 1986Kohen et al, , 1990Kohen et al, , 1991aKohen et al, ,b, 1992aKohen et al, -d, 1993Kohen and Hirschberg, 1998); computer-controlled confocal fluorescence imaging (Lansing Taylor et al, 1989;Salmon and Cassimeris 1989), fluorescence micrography (Kohen et al, 1986(Kohen et al, , 1990(Kohen et al, , 1991a(Kohen et al, ,b. 1992a(Kohen et al, -d, 1993, morphometry and ultrastructural analysis (Hirschberg et al, 1995), we have established optical methods for studying the cytopathology and cytopharmacology of single or small groups of living cells.…”