Advanced composites are being extensively used for aerospace structures due to the high specific stiffness and high specific strength. The strain measurement of composite structures is of great interest with respect to the structural integrity of aerospace structures. A large number of sensors are required for large-scale structures such as aircraft, rocket, space shuttle, etc. Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor system based on the wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technology offers a versatile and powerful one for strain monitoring of large structures due to the advantage of multiplexing capability.In this paper, we present an improved FBG sensor system using a wavelength-swept fiber laser (WSFL). The WSFL provides unique and powerful output characteristics useful for a large number of sensor interrogations without any other expensive optic devices such as optical switches. Using the FBG sensor system, we monitored strains of a smart composite wing box model and a filament wound composite tank. All strain data can be visualized in real time and processed by a computer. Strains measured by FBG sensors were compared with strains measured by electrical strain gages.